Institute of Science Tokyo

QUBO sampling for mixed binary quadratic programming without continuous variable binarization

Quantum annealing and related combinatorial optimization methods typically accept quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems as input, whereas many practical models include constraints and continuous variables. Standard QUBO conversions discretize continuous vari...

Non-destructive colocalization sensing of microRNAs and membrane proteins in single vesicles reveals spatial inflammation signatures

Chronic inflammation underlies a broad spectrum of diseases, yet current liquid biopsy approaches lack the spatial resolution and molecular specificity to detect localized, disease-specific inflammatory signals. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer a promising alternative, as they...

Global Long-wavelength Body-wave Catalog (GLoBoCat) for Lower Mantle P and S Wave Travel Times

Long period seismic body wave travel times are a foundational source of information regarding the Earth's interior. Manual methods provide travel time catalogs with high internal consistency, but have not kept pace with the rapid growth in teleseismic waveforms. Here we use atten...

Dual impact of EZH1/2-targeted therapy in HTLV-1-associated inflammation: Direct and indirect mechanisms

Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated inflammation, including uveitis, lacks effective targeted therapies. Here, we investigated whether epigenetic modulation through EZH1/2 inhibition could influence HTLV-1-related ocular inflammation using in vitro co-culture a...

Nuclear Wrinkles Result From Geometric Adaptations to Cellular and Nuclear Morphological Changes in Epithelial Cells

Mechanical cues influence cell behavior and fate and are frequently accompanied by changes in nuclear shape; however, how epithelial nuclei accommodate such deformations remains incompletely understood. In this article, we investigated the formation and regulation of nuclear wrin...

Regional effect of population-based programs promoting salt reduction and potassium intake in Hokkaido: a post hoc analysis of the PoSPIP

Abstract The Population-based Sodium/Potassium Improvement Program is a nonrandomized population-based intervention implemented by the Japanese Society of Hypertension across multiple municipalities and workplaces in Japan. This post hoc regional analysis focused on two municipal...

Satellite altimetry reveals heterogeneity in global flood peak timing and its shifts

Flood peak timing (FloPT) is a key indicator of hydrological responses to climate change. Yet global FloPT assessments is limited by sparse and uneven in-situ discharge observations. Here, we demonstrated the capability of satellite altimetry to estimate FloPT worldwide and prese...

Beyond Scalar Objectives: Expert-Feedback-Driven Autonomous Experimentation for Scientific Discovery at the Nanoscale

Abstract Self-driving laboratories or autonomous experimentation are emerging as transformative platforms for accelerating scientific discovery. Bayesian optimization (BO) is among the most widely used machine learning frameworks in self-driving laboratories, but these BO-based f...

Ag Precursor-Assisted 350 °C Growth of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells Based on a Three-Stage Process

Abstract Lowering the growth temperature of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) is required for bifacial structures based on CIGS deposition on transparent conductive oxides and for CIGS tandem solar cells, but low-temperature growth generally deteriorates CIGS absorber quality and solar-cell pe...

Spin force from a nitrogen-vacancy ensemble drives a 100-mg levitated resonator

The force experienced by a spin in a magnetic field gradient underlies many proposals for hybrid quantum systems. These include schemes for mechanically mediated quantum gates, spin squeezing, searches for exotic forces, and motional superpositions for probing the interface betwe...

From Single-Chain Adsorption to Aggregate-Scale Adhesion: AFM Insights into Polyisoprene–Inorganic Interfacial Interactions

Abstract Understanding the interactions between polymers and inorganic fillers is crucial for enhancing interfacial effects and optimizing the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites. We used two atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanomechanical techniques: nanomechanica...

Temporal organization in living systems: toward a physics of life

Abstract Classical dynamical systems theory is based on asymptotic stability assumptions. This approach has long dominated theoretical biology, providing insight into stability and functional organization. Yet, living systems rarely converge to static attractors; rather, they ada...

Design and control of a 6-DOF hybrid thrustered cable-suspended parallel robot using a fully-actuated hexarotor

Cable-suspended parallel robots (CSPRs) are under-actuated robots in which the end-effector is suspended from above, thereby reducing interference with surrounding objects because no cables are arranged below it. However, in CSPRs, cable tension is mainly maintained by the gravit...

Loop engineering and activity improvement of TEV protease by a phagemid-based selection system

Abactstr Loop engineering of enzymes remains challenging due to high flexibility and conformational complexity, posing a bottleneck for deep-learning-based design. Here, we constructed mutant libraries for three loops of TEV protease to assess combining directed evolution with de...

Narrow-Line-Width Electroluminescence in Monolayer WSe2 Enabled by a Sub-5 nm Au/Pt Nanogap

Abstract Spectrally isolated, electrically driven emission from localized states in two-dimensional semiconductors remains challenging in scalable planar devices. Here, we report narrow-line-width alternating-current electroluminescence (ACEL) from localized states in monolayer W...

Visual Impression of Urban Space: A Systematic Review of Empirical Findings, Challenges, and Opportunities

Studies of visual impression seek to link the visual features of urban spaces with users’ subjective experiences (e.g., perceiving and describing a space as “inviting”). By revealing the relationships between visual characteristics and users’ experiences, such studies can inform...

Sequentially Self-Assembled Supramolecular Nanocomplexes Enable Systemic Cas9 RNP Delivery and In Vivo Tumor Genome Editing

In vivo genome editing utilizing Cas9/sgRNA ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) holds substantial therapeutic promise, yet rapid bloodstream clearance and degradation of RNPs have hindered its accumulation within the target site and effective gene editing. Herein, we report a supramolecula...

Performance Evaluation of Ising and QUBO Variable Encodings in Boltzmann Machine Learning

We compare Ising ([Formula: see text]) and QUBO ([Formula: see text]) encodings for Boltzmann machine learning under controlled protocols that fix the sampler, optimizer, and learning-rate design within each comparison. Exploiting the identity that the Fisher information matrix (...

Proposal adequacy as an enabler of benefits from high distinctiveness: evidence from crowdfunding

Optimal Distinctiveness Theory posits a trade-off whereby increasing business distinctiveness enhances differentiation within a category while reducing conformity to category norms, thereby diminishing market legitimacy. Nevertheless, businesses with high distinctiveness frequent...

Structural basis of stepwise G protein activation by the viral chemokine receptor US28

Abstract G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) govern diverse cellular responses and are crucial drug targets. However, the sequence of structural events from G protein recognition to GDP release has remained elusive. Here, we leveraged the viral chemokine GPCR US28 to capture mult...