Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement

Impact of a High‐Fiber, Fruitless Diet on the Gut Microbiome, and Health of Captive Orangutans

ABSTRACT Diet is a crucial factor in modulating the gut microbiome, and understanding these interactions in captive primates is essential for their health and welfare. This study assessed the impact of the transition to a high‐fiber, low‐sugar diet on the gut microbiome, behavior...

Reading the forest through patents: A Europe-wide sector analysis

Innovation will shape how Europe's Forest sector responds to growing demand for low-carbon materials and bio-based products. However, the technological composition and geographical distribution of recent patenting activity in the sector remain insufficiently documented. This stud...

The petal identity gene PhDEF has a major binding and regulatory action in the epidermis

ABSTRACT In flowering plants, floral organ identity is specified by the combinatorial action of homeotic genes. While the role of these genes in the early specification of organ identity is well established, their late function throughout floral organ development and in specific...

The effect of warming on the bioenergetics of juvenile common sole (Solea solea) in the Gironde estuary: Implications for abundance and life-history traits in an energy-limited nursery ground

Among human-induced environmental changes, increasing water temperature is one of the most well-documented consequences of climate change, and is likely to influence the nursery function of estuarine environments. However, our ability to assess these effects remains limited at th...

Questioning the G2 phase in the budding yeast cell cycle with a qualitative and possibilistic model

Abstract The budding yeast S. cerevisiae , a foundational model for cell cycle studies, exhibits a complex phase organisation (G1, S, G2/M) governed by checkpoints ensuring faithful cellular inheritance. However, the existence of a distinct G2 phase in yeast remains debated, with...

Assessing Behavioral and Environmental Facets of Obesity Unobtrusively Utilizing Digital Tools: Introducing the BETTER4U Indicators

ABSTRACT Understanding obesity involves evaluating numerous contributing factors. Collecting the necessary data for this can impose a significant burden on both research participants during clinical studies and real‐life deployments of digital tools aiding obesity management. The...

Phytochemical Profiling and Biological Activities of Moroccan Rhus pentaphylla

Rhus pentaphylla Desf., a medicinal plant traditionally used in North Africa, remains insufficiently investigated with respect to its glycoconjugate composition and biological properties. This study investigated the influence of extraction solvent on the LC–ESI–MS/MS profiles and...

Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an unexplored yam (Dioscorea spp.) collection from Togo and development of a core collection

Declining yam productivity and the erosion of traditional landraces threaten food security and genetic-resource conservation in Togo. We characterized 321 yam accessions representing six edible Dioscorea species ( D. rotundata , D. cayenensis , D. alata , D. dumetorum , D. escule...

France’s Pesticide Load Index: Decreasing Ecotoxicity, Persistent Human Toxicity, Rising Concern For Environmental Fate

Pesticide use has strong adverse effect on biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and human health . Numerous policies have been proposed to reduce their use and associated risk but evaluations of changes in pesticide risk over time and space are still rare. Here, we evaluate tempor...

Making the diversity of CCI-related LEADER interventions comparable: A portfolio-to-case approach combining LLM-assisted coding and close reading

The EU LEADER program supports diverse rural local initiatives, which suits Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs) related activities with their varied forms and place-specific resources. Yet its flexibility also complicates systematic comparison and learning, as portfolio patte...

Multiplex species-specific real-time PCR assays for the detection of European Armillaria spp. and Desarmillaria spp. in different environmental substrates

Armillaria root rot, caused by basidiomycete fungi of the genera Armillaria and Desarmillaria , affects numerous agronomic crops and forest trees worldwide. In Europe, seven species have been described, namely Armillaria mellea , A. ostoyae , A. gallica , A. borealis , A. cepisti...

Widespread hybridization in sympatric populations of allis shad Alosa alosa (L.1758) and twaite shad Alosa fallax (Lacépède 1803): A transnational perspective for conservation and management

Abstract The dynamics of hybridization between co‐occurring species in environments that have been modified by anthropogenic activities are important for generating new understandings of how species respond to disturbance and to support conservation management. Accordingly, the p...

Structure-activity relationship and membrane-targeting mechanisms of shikimate-related metabolites against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria

AIMS: The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has intensified the search for novel antimicrobials. In this context, shikimic acid is a versatile scaffold widely used as a precursor to bioactive compounds and drugs. This study screened the antimicrobial activity and underlying m...

Transcriptional responses of Solanum lycopersicum to three distinct parasites reveal host hubs and networks underlying parasitic successes

Abstract Crops face attacks from a wide range of pathogens and pests that deploy various parasitic strategies. All aggressors must manipulate major plant functions, such as immune signaling, hormone pathways, metabolism, and development, to successfully establish themselves and c...

Replicability of agent-based simulations: a case study with a SEIRS epidemiological model

Reproducibility is not only a cornerstone of the advancement of science, but also of scientific credibility. However, it remains a persistent challenge across many disciplines, and it is now referred to as the “reproducibility crisis.” This issue is particularly relevant in compu...

Co-designing deployment strategies for disease-resistant cultivars: Insights from a participatory landscape-scale modeling study with a wine cooperative

We developed, assessed and compared strategies for deploying grapevine cultivars resistant to downy mildew in partnership with a wine cooperative in France. In four action-research workshops, cooperative managers and multidisciplinary researchers jointly designed six feasible dep...

The geometry of gametic dispersal in a flying mammal, Rhinolophus hipposideros

Abstract Dispersal influences population and evolutionary dynamics, in a manner that depends on by which dispersal strategies gene flow occurs. In some species, mating partners move exclusively for mating, dispersing genes but not individuals. This is the case in many bat species...

Reach and engagement in the ECAIL trial targeting socially disadvantaged families across the COVID-19 pandemic and cost-of-living crisis: A mixed-methods implementation study

Background The ECAIL trial, launched in 2017, was designed to evaluate a multicomponent intervention for childhood obesity prevention among hard-to-reach families. At a maternity hospital in Lille, France, healthcare providers screened pregnant women experiencing social vulnerabi...

Clinical and ecological significance of bacterial dormancy in human pathogens

SUMMARY Bacteria can enter a transient state of reduced metabolic activity to survive temporary unfavorable conditions. This phenomenon, sometimes referred to as dormancy, growth arrest, or quiescence, enables pathogen survival inside and outside of their host, with major clinica...

European joint programme HBM4EU - Bridging science and policy: experiences and lessons learned from the key partners in the scientific steering of the initiative

The European Joint Programme HBM4EU was established to address politically relevant questions on chemical risks to public health through a targeted human biomonitoring research programme. Running from 2017 to 2022, it was co-financed by the EU's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovati...