Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis

Cognitive flexibility deficits differ between the sexes in a transchromosomic mouse model of Down syndrome

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) exhibit cognitive and behavioral phenotypes, including intellectual disability, and reduced cognitive flexibility. The TcMAC21 DS mouse model (Tc(HSA21,CAG-EGFP)1Yakaz/J) has a freely segregating human chromosome 21 containing ∼93% of protein-c...

Role of foundation models in data-driven tissue diagnostics

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based tissue diagnostics is entering a new phase driven by pathology foundation models: large-scale encoders and multimodal systems pretrained with self-supervised and vision–language objectives. Yet the evidence base has expanded faster than the meth...

Keyphrase identification using minimal labeled data with hierarchical contexts and transfer learning

Interoperable clinical decision support system (CDSS) rules provide a pathway to interoperability, a well-recognized challenge in health information technology. Building an ontology facilitates creating interoperable CDSS rules, and identifying the keyphrases (KP) from the existi...

Robustness in sparse artificial neural networks trained with adaptive topology

We investigate the robustness of sparse artificial neural networks trained with adaptive topology. We focus on a simple yet effective architecture consisting of three sparse layers with 99% sparsity followed by a dense layer, applied to image classification tasks such as MNIST an...

ADNP ‐Related Helsmoortel–Van der Aa Syndrome: A Review of the Literature and Clinical Recommendations for Assessment and Monitoring

ABSTRACT ADNP‐related Helsmoortel–Van der Aa syndrome (ADNP‐related HVDAS) is a single gene form of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) caused by pathogenic sequence variants in the activity‐dependent neuroprotective protein ( ADNP ) gene. In addition to ASD, ADNP‐related HVDAS is ass...

The pandemic and the shift in social dynamics: how well do existing theoretical frameworks explain volunteering during COVID-19?

This study examines how well existing theoretical frameworks explain formal volunteering amid a public health crisis, focusing on dominant status, social networks, role constraints, and risk perceptions. Grounded in these four theoretical frameworks, the study tests whether the r...

Beyond Cys65: Redox Effector Factor-1 CRISPR-Engineered Cys93 and Cys99 Mutants Reveal Cooperative and Secondary Roles of Redox Signaling and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression

Aims: Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox effector factor 1 (APE1/Ref-1) is a multifunctional protein implicated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) through its redox regulation of oncogenic transcription factors (TFs) such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, nucle...

Landscape of approaches for streamlining pre-analytical and early analytical variables for solid tumor next-generation sequencing: A Genomics Organization for Academic Laboratories consortium report

The scope of pre-analytical and early analytical methods used in clinical molecular laboratories can have vast effects on the quality and turnaround time for solid tumor next-generation sequencing assays. To learn more about various approaches, a survey of 24 academic laboratorie...

Prioritizing Global Health Education in Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowships: An Applicant Survey

Abstract Background Global Health (GH) is expanding, offering an increasing number of opportunities for engagement to trainees in medical schools and residency programs. This expansion of opportunities has not yet reached those at the fellowship level, particularly in Critical Ca...

Novel Injectable Supports Long‐Term Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Partial Peripheral Nerve Repair

ABSTRACT Background Unilateral vocal fold paralysis (VFP) from recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury currently has no injectable treatment options that promote targeted reinnervation. In a prior pilot study, Agrin, neuregulin‐1 (NRG1), and acetylcholine (ACh) enhanced early (1‐m...

Fossil ascospores of Potamomyces from the Early Pliocene Gray Fossil Site (USA)

Fossil fungal ascospores assignable to the genus Potamomyces have been recovered from Early Pliocene deposits at the Gray Fossil Site, a Fossil-Lagerstätte in Tennessee, USA. Characterized by four prominent equatorial verrucae, these ascospores closely resemble the fossil-species...

International consensus guidance for general population screening for islet autoantibodies to diagnose early-stage type 1 diabetes: a nominal group technique process

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that targets and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets. The incidence of type 1 diabetes is rising globally. At the clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, between 20% and 67% of children and adolescents present wit...

Prepregnancy Diet Quality Index and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

This cohort study of US births examines the association of preconception diet quality with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Moderators of the Effects of Telehealth Mindfulness-based Interventions for Chronic Pain

OBJECTIVES: Little is known about who benefits most from Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs), and whether certain groups differentially benefit from different types of MBI formats (group-based versus non-group based). The present study uses data from a three-arm randomized con...

Sexually Dimorphic Role of Estrogen Receptor α in Preserving Right Ventricular Endothelial Integrity

Abstract Right ventricular (RV) function and adaptation to afterload increase determine survival in pulmonary hypertension (PH). RV adaptation in PH is sexually dimorphic and more preserved in females, mediated by protective estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling in cardiomyocytes....

TRPV4 antagonism attenuates TLR4–NLRP3-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in cingulate cortex neurons in a genetic rat model of hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus is characterized by pathological ventricular expansion and periventricular tissue damage, although the molecular mechanisms governing parenchymal injury in this condition remain unclear. Surgical interventions, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting are the stan...

Artificial Intelligence for Intracranial Aneurysm Detection, Rupture-Risk Prediction, and Prognosis Evaluation: Recent Advances and Clinical Integration

Intracranial aneurysm rupture is a major cause of hemorrhagic stroke and a significant contributor to human mortality. With the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), a series of new approaches have been introduced to...

Candida Bloodstream Infection in Left Ventricular Assist Device Recipients: Case Series and Review of the Literature

Abstract Candida bloodstream infection (C-BSI) is a rare infection in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). We aim to describe the characteristics and outcomes of C-BSI. We performed a retrospective search for C-BSI in patients with LVADs at our institution from...

Proteogenomic profiling defines progression-associated biology in high-risk endometrial cancer

Patients with high-risk endometrial carcinoma (HR-EC) experience substantial mortality despite multimodality therapy, molecular classification and contemporary care. We determined whether proteomic tumor programs capture lethal risk beyond established clinical and genomic classif...

Less cooperative belowground plant mutualists negatively affect aboveground herbivore growth and survival

Abstract Resource mutualists like nitrogen (N)-fixing rhizobia can improve the nutrition of plants available to higher trophic levels. However, there is substantial intraspecific variation in mutualist quality. How this variation in mutualist quality affects higher trophic levels...