Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: Recent Updates in Its Prevalence and Diagnosis

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic disorder characterized by dysfunction of motile cilia throughout the body. Within the upper and lower airways, this ciliary dysfunction results in impaired mucociliary clearance. Leading to chronic, progressive respiratory disease cul...

Development and Reliability Testing of the Sinonasal Assessment of Reepithelialization, a Novel Wound Healing Scale to Assess Postoperative Healing

ABSTRACT Background Sinus and skull base surgery create areas of demucosalized bone and cartilage in the sinonasal cavity, yet no standardized system exists to describe the progressive healing of these wounds. The goal of this study was to develop the novel Sinonasal Assessment o...

Baseline Serum Metabolites as Predictors of Teplizumab Response in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Immunotherapies such as Teplizumab can preserve residual beta cell function in individuals with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D), but treatment response is variable. Currently, no biomarker exists to identify individuals most likely to benefit from i...

Bacteriophage Challenge Drives Genomic and Proteomic Remodeling and Alters Antibiotic Resistance in a Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Background/Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major therapeutic challenge due to its extensive antibiotic resistance. This study examined how bacteriophage exposure affects the genome, proteome and antibiotic susceptibility of a clinical MRSA isol...

Tibial Bone Shape Is Sport Dependent and More Symmetrical in High-Impact Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Multidirectional sports introduce unique forces to the tibia that potentially induce more symmetrical distribution of bone mass and lower bone stress injury risk, when compared to unidirectional sports. Purpose: To compare tibial shaft size, shape, and estimated str...

Clinical outcomes of minimally invasive liver resection in patients with cirrhosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Backgrounds/Aims: The impact of cirrhosis on outcomes following minimally invasive liver resection (MILR) remains debated. This meta-analysis evaluates the effect of cirrhosis on perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing MILR. Methods: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web...

Effect of Fitzpatrick Skin Type Prompting on Diagnostic Accuracy in Multimodal Large Language Models: A Within-Image Experimental Study

Multimodal large language models are increasingly used for dermatologic queries, but whether Fitzpatrick skin type (FST) labels affect diagnostic accuracy is unknown. We evaluated 656 biopsy-confirmed photographs from the Diverse Dermatology Images (DDI) dataset under no-FST, DDI...

Changes in Emergency Department Pediatric Readiness, Inpatient Services, and Excess Child Deaths

Importance Emergency department (ED) pediatric readiness and pediatric inpatient services have changed over time in many hospitals, but the impact of these changes on pediatric outcomes is unclear. Objective To evaluate pediatric mortality associated with changes to ED pediatric...

Tramadol Co‐Administration with Oxycodone or Hydrocodone Increases Opioid Burden without Improving Postoperative Pain Control

Tramadol is frequently co-prescribed with oxycodone or hydrocodone after surgery under the assumption that its dual mechanism of action provides an opioid-sparing benefit. However, evidence supporting this practice is limited and inconsistent. We conducted a secondary analysis of...

Competition mechanisms of interfacial crack propagations in thermal barrier coatings

Abstract Cracking failure of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in advanced gas turbines under bending loads presents a persistent engineering challenge, particularly regarding how cracks compete and propagate through multilayer structures. This study addresses that challenge by con...

Pediatric Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice Part I: Voice Stimuli for Children

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and test standardized stimuli for the Pediatric Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice protocol. The use of these stimuli for cepstral/spectral voice measures was also considered. Method: Three sets of standardized sentences and...

A Review of Neuroproteomics in Neurological Disorders: The Use of Machine Learning and Deep Learning

Proteomics has emerged as a powerful tool for advancing our understanding of brain disorders by enabling large-scale characterization of protein expression, post-translational modifications, and interaction networks. Neurological conditions are often characterized by complex and...

Physioxia Reprograms Glioblastoma Cells Enhancing Migration and Altering Therapeutic Sensitivity

Abstract Background/Objectives Glioblastoma is an aggressive primary brain tumor that develops within a chronically low-oxygen microenvironment, yet most preclinical studies are performed under atmospheric oxygen conditions that poorly reflect in vivo physiology. This study inves...

Does Renewable Energy Renew Energy Efficiency?

Since 2015, global progress in improving energy efficiency has lagged behind the targets set by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, in part due to behavioral barriers to such improvement. Rising renewable energy adoption may impact energy efficiency improvement by r...

Postoperative Interventions and Cost Associated With Disposition After Tonsil and Adenoidectomy

OBJECTIVE To evaluate postoperative disposition and resource use among patients admitted to the inpatient unit or pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) following tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, and tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy (T/A). PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort stu...

Endoscopic mucosal resection for pediatric endoscopists: technical principles, practical considerations, and lessons from adult practice (with video)

Abstract Purpose Pediatric endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) remains uncommon outside specialized centers, and pediatric-specific educational resources and procedural training opportunities are limited. This video-based educational article demonstrates core EMR principles while...

Bacterial Display of Genetically Encoded Macrocyclic Peptide Libraries Using Cysteine-Reactive Unnatural Amino Acids

Abstract Cyclic peptides are powerful scaffolds for modulating protein–protein interactions; however, methods for constructing cyclic peptide libraries for cell-surface display applications remain limited. Here, we present a bacterial surface display platform that enables site-sp...

Burden of Disease in Pediatric Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia: A Literature Review

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is an ultra-rare, paraneoplastic syndrome caused by tumors secreting fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). In children, TIO may be mistaken for more common causes of rickets and osteomalacia, including monogenic forms, leading to long diagnostic de...

Surgery Utilization Mediates Survival in Patients With Dementia and Stage I– III Colorectal Cancer

BACKGROUND: Dementia is associated with increased mortality among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), and they receive less invasive evaluations, chemotherapy, and surgery. The objectives of this study were to (1) compare demographics and treatment patterns among individuals w...

Lifetime Concussions and Head Impact Exposure During Collegiate Athletics: A CARE Consortium Study

OBJECTIVE: Despite a growing interest in the long-term effects of concussion and repetitive head impacts (RHIs) on brain health, understanding is limited regarding the clinical and cognitive changes that may accrue during collegiate athletics. METHODS: Collegiate student-athletes...