Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania

SGLT2-mediated glucose uptake defines early metabolic reprogramming in lung adenocarcinoma

Abstract The metabolic reprogramming taking place during early lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression remain poorly understood. While early-stage LUAD frequently demonstrates low 18F-2-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography (PET), it is unclear whether...

Evaluating OpenEvidence Across Pediatric Subspecialties: A Guideline-Anchored Expert Review

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality, safety, and citation characteristics of OpenEvidence across pediatric subspecialties. METHODS: Guideline-anchored clinical questions spanning high, moderate, and low evidence certainty across 6 pediatric subspecialties were submitted to OpenEvi...

Value of Left Ventricular Low Voltage Area and Ejection Fraction in Predicting End-Stage Heart Failure Outcomes After Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in Patients With Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND: Patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) and ventricular tachycardia are at increased risk for adverse HF outcomes, and abnormal left ventricular (LV) substrate identified by endocardial unipolar and bipolar low-voltage areas (LVAs) may aid in risk stratificati...

Anticoagulation Treatment Response Among Phenotypic ESUS Clusters: Evidence From CASPR

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate treatment effect heterogeneity across phenotypic clusters of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke using causal inference methods. Methods From a retrospective, multicenter cohort of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke, we estimated the trea...

Comparative Efficacy of Embolic Agents for Single-Session Meningeal Artery Embolization and Surgical Evacuation: Evaluating Liquids, Particles, and Adjunct Coils

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Single-session middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) combined with surgical evacuation is an emerging strategy for management of patients with chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH). However, comparative outcome data based on embolic material selection...

Preoperative Prediction of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Upstaging Using Machine Learning‐Based Peritumoral Breast MRI Radiomics

BACKGROUND: A subset of biopsy-confirmed ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) cases can be upstaged to invasive breast cancer at surgery. Preoperative identification of upstaging risk is essential for treatment planning. PURPOSE: To develop clinical and breast MRI radiomics models to...

Impact of GLP1Ra and SGLT2i on atrial fibrillation in overweight, non-diabetic patients: A meta-analysis of randomized evidence

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1Ra) are breakthrough therapies for type 2 diabetes (T2DM), exhibiting pleiotropic effects. Their clinical use has expanded to lower-risk populations, including overweight and ob...

Management of non-survivable head trauma: Opportunities for improvement

Background Managing patients with non-survivable head trauma who do not meet brain death criteria presents significant ethical and clinical challenges. Decisions frequently fall to surrogates with limited guidance, particularly when organ donation status is unknown. This study as...

Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential Proteomic Risk Score for Predicting Clinical Outcome in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

BACKGROUND: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is common in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, the proteomic signatures linked to CHIP driver mutations and their prognostic implications in HFpEF remain poorly defined. We aimed to...

Histologic Clues Favoring Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis in Liver Allograft Biopsies With Overlapping Rejection-Type Injury

Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) hepatitis after liver transplantation may mimic or coexist with acute T-cell–mediated rejection (TCMR), complicating treatment decisions. We sought practical histologic features favoring CMV hepatitis in liver allograft biopsies with overlapping r...

Organizational determinants of burnout among hospital‐based nurse practitioners: A structural equation modeling analysis

Abstract Background The nurse practitioner (NP) workforce is rapidly expanding in hospital settings, yet limited evidence exists on how organizational practice environments influence NP burnout. Identifying modifiable workplace factors is critical to improving NP well‐being and r...

High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features: a clinical and genomic analysis of prognostic factors using a large cohort

BACKGROUND: High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently defined tumor type that is not well-understood. Prognostic factors of clinical outcomes are not well-established. METHODS: Methylation profiling was performed on tumor samples, many at the National Cance...

Landscape of approaches for streamlining pre-analytical and early analytical variables for solid tumor next-generation sequencing: A Genomics Organization for Academic Laboratories consortium report

The scope of pre-analytical and early analytical methods used in clinical molecular laboratories can have vast effects on the quality and turnaround time for solid tumor next-generation sequencing assays. To learn more about various approaches, a survey of 24 academic laboratorie...

Comparison of intestinal histopathological changes following teclistamab, BCMA ‐directed CAR T, CD19 ‐directed CAR T and rituximab therapies

Aims Immunotherapy‐associated intestinal tract injury is increasingly recognized; however, histological patterns associated with specific agents remain incompletely defined. Data directly comparing CD19‐ and BCMA‐directed CAR T therapies with other B‐cell‐targeted treatments are...

Application of [ 18 F]NaF and [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT to Assess Molecular Calcification and Glucose Metabolism in Thyroid Cartilage

Objective Thyroid cartilage calcification and glucose metabolism may vary with age and gender. This study investigated the role of [ 18 F]-sodium fluoride ([ 18 F]NaF) and 2-[ 18 F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([ 18 F]FDG) PET/CT in evaluating of physiological molecular calcification...

Prescription Patterns of Cardiovascular Medications in the Adolescent and Adult Population With Fontan Circulation—A Report From the Multicenter Single Ventricle Outcomes Network

BACKGROUND: There are limited data on prescription patterns in adolescents and adults with Fontan circulation. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients 13 years of age and older enrolled between 2022 and 2024 in the Fontan Outcomes Network (now SV-ONE [Single Ve...

Atlantoaxial joint involvement in rheumatoid arthritis: Insights from 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG PET.

F-NaF) reflects osseous metabolism. In combination, these tracers offer complementary insights that may facilitate detection of RA-related pathophysiology. In this report, we present active bone turnover of the atlantoaxial joint without evidence of inflammation identified on PET...

Artificial intelligence for detection, grading, and prognostication in prostate cancer pathology: A scoping review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been transforming many aspects of medical care. In prostate cancer, ongoing progress in AI has improved research and patient care. Recent advances in machine learning and deep learning have produced tools that help diagnose cancer, assess risk, an...

Safety and Effectiveness of a Novel Dual-Energy Radiofrequency/Pulsed Field Ablation Catheter: 12 Month Results of the FlexPulse Study

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pulsed field (PF) ablation is increasingly used to treat paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). FlexPulse (NCT06676072) was conducted to evaluate safety and effectiveness of a novel dual-energy, flexible-tip focal ablation catheter with radiofrequency and PF f...

CONRep: Uncertainty-Aware Vision-Language Report Drafting Using Conformal Prediction

The objective of this study is to quantify uncertainty in vision-language model (VLM)-based automated radiology report drafting (ARRD) to support trustworthy clinical deployment. In this study, we developed CONRep in two settings: label-based and sentence-based. In the label-base...