Hospital for Special Surgery

Advancements in Imaging for the Overhead Athlete: A Narrative Review

Overhead throwing athletes place unique stresses on the soft tissues of the core and upper extremities, predisposing them to both acute and chronic overuse injuries. In addition to clinical factors and examination, imaging techniques aid in the diagnosis and management of these c...

Two Decades of Declining International Medical Graduate Representation in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residency Programs

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate trends of international medical graduates (IMGs) matching into U.S. physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) residency programs. DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study analyzed National Resident Matching Program data from 2005 to 2025. The primary outco...

Discovery of a peripheral Myh11-expressing nucleus pulposus cell population demontrating therapeutic potential for disc degeneration

Continual turnover of nucleus pulposus (NP) cellularity is critical for maintaining intervertebral disc (IVD) homeostasis; however, the presence and identity of potential progenitor cells within the NP remain unclear. This study identifies NP cells expressing myosin heavy chain 1...

Patellofemoral Joint Preservation

Patellofemoral (PF) chondral lesions are a common source of knee pain and disability, typically arising from traumatic (instability/fracture) or degenerative (overload) etiologies. This review synthesizes contemporary evidence on PF joint preservation with an emphasis on avoiding...

Pediatric Patellofemoral Instability Surgery—Current Concepts

Patellofemoral instability is a common knee pathology affecting children and adolescents, with recurrence rates exceeding 50% in skeletally immature patients. Identification and stratification of anatomic risk factors for recurrence are essential. Trochlear dysplasia, patella alt...

TRAIL splice variant TRAILshort disrupts T cell receptor signaling and promotes immune tolerance in vivo

TRAIL is a TNF family ligand that trimerizes TRAIL-R1 (DR4) or TRAIL-R2 (DR5) to induce apoptosis, necroptosis, and/or NF-κB activation in receptor-bearing cells. We previously identified TRAILshort as a splice variant of TRAIL that lacks cysteine 230, cannot trimerize, and acts...

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are associated with improved 90-day outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty

Aims Obesity and diabetes are risk factors for developing osteoarthritis and associated with worse outcomes following total hip (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1as) improve glycaemic control and promote weight loss. The aim...