Chinese Academy of Sciences

Surface micro-structuring of TC6 alloy by diamond grit tool

In response to the escalating demand for functional surfaces in marine applications and aerospace, this study investigates the precision fabrication of microstructured surfaces on TC6 using structured diamond grit tools. A novel kinematic model is developed to reveal the formatio...

Evolution of water clarity across the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region over the past four decades (1984–2024): Driven by hydrological expansion and anthropogenic intervention

Given escalating water scarcity and rapid urbanization, characterizing the long-term evolution of surface water environments across the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region is vital for coordinated regional development. Using Landsat imagery spanning 1984–2024, this study quantifie...

Electron-RichAcetylenic Nanostructures with In Situ Chelated UltrafinePalladium Nanoclusters for EfficientLiquid-Phase Reaction Catalyst

Abstract The development of uniformly distributed ultrafine metallic nanoclusters for advanced catalysts has attracted significant interest. However, synthesizing supports with specific electronic environments and well-defined pores to prevent aggregation remains challenging. Her...

High-temperature behavior of FeTiO3 and MgTiO3: in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction study

The high-temperature volumetric and axial thermal expansion behaviors of ilmenite (FeTiO 3 ) and geikielite (MgTiO 3 ) were examined up to 773 K using in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction. No phase transitions were observed within the experimental temperature range. The temperat...

Automated Extraction of Long-Term Cyanobacteria Blooming Series from Landsat Imagery Using Deep Learning

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) pose serious threats to inland water ecology and environmental security. Despite advances, accurately capturing their long-term dynamics for effective governance remains challenging due to limited datasets and segmentation model acc...

Reconciling nitrogen fertilization effects on soil nitrification with acidification

Nitrogen (N) fertilization supports nearly half of the global population but disrupts the N cycle. While N addition is assumed to stimulate soil nitrification by increasing substrate supply and nitrifier activity, it may also inhibit nitrification via soil acidification. Resolvin...

Photothermal Superhydrophobic Textiles: An Emerging Paradigm from Passive Water Repellency to Active Thermal Management

Photothermal superhydrophobic textiles represent an emerging paradigm integrating active light-driven functionality with passive liquid repellency. While previous reviews treated superhydrophobicity and photothermal effects in isolation, this work pioneers a systematic analysis o...

Hydrophobic promoter in physical proximity stabilizes cobalt catalysts for durable Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Cobalt catalysts have been widely studied for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, yet they gradually deactivate under water-rich reaction conditions. Current stabilization strategies rely on complex catalyst compositions or even use noble-metal promoters. Here, we demonstrate that cobalt...

Spin-quenching cobalt center for efficient ammonia synthesis derived from oxide mixology

The spin polarization plays a critical role in heterogeneous catalysis by influencing the properties of active sites and thereby altering catalytic performance. However, precise construction of active sites with well-tuned spin states remains challenging. Here we demonstrate to m...

Planetary Boundary Layer Height on the Northern Mount Qomolangma Region Retrieved From Wind LiDAR Observations

Abstract A coherent Doppler wind LiDAR (Wind3D 6000) has been operating in the northern Mount Qomolangma region since 2023. We retrieved planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) from LiDAR observations collected from October 2023 to September 2025 using a hybrid algorithm combining...

High-Precision Visual Absolute-Localization Method for Deep-Space Probes Based on Salient Landmarks

To address the scarcity of high-precision control points on planetary surfaces and the accumulated drift of conventional relative-localization methods in deep-space exploration missions, this paper proposes a visual absolute-localization method based on salient-landmark contour m...

Continuous Fabrication of Bioinspired All-Biomass Aerogel Fibers for Thermal Insulation

Abstract Aerogel fibers have been considered as a promising solution for thermal protection textiles due to their high porosity and low thermal conductivity. However, the scalable production of sustainable and mechanical strong aerogel fibers remains a critical challenge. Here, i...

Three Gorges Dam-driven redistribution, sediment-water partitioning, and health risks of heavy metals in the Yangtze River

The Three Gorges Dam (TGD), the largest hydraulic project on the Yangtze River mainstream, has altered hydrodynamic regimes and sediment transport. However, how its interplay with basin-scale pollution control policies regulates heavy metal behavior remains poorly understood. The...

Topographic aspect shapes temperature lapse rates and land–atmosphere energy exchange in global mountains

Mountain regions exhibit complex thermal gradients that regulate land–atmosphere energy exchange, yet the global influence of topographic aspect on temperature lapse rates (LRT) remains poorly characterized. Here, we investigate global LRT patterns and their sensitivity to topogr...

Experimental study and model prediction of acoustic wave dispersion and attenuation in medium-coarse sandy sediments

A comparable joint dataset of compressional-wave (P-wave) and shear-wave (S-wave) speed and attenuation for saturated Ottawa sand under consistent sample conditions was obtained, using a dual-probe acoustic measurement method (DPAMM) for P-waves (20–150 kHz) and bender element (B...

LIBS-Based Classification of Thermal Aging Levels in High-Voltage Wire Harnesses of New Energy Vehicles Using MAD-RF

High-voltage wiring harnesses in new energy vehicles (NEVs) are susceptible to thermal aging in high-temperature environments, whereas conventional assessment methods are difficult to deploy rapidly. This study combines laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with random fore...

Freq-LoRA: Frequency-Domain Low-Rank Adaptation for Weather-Robust Aircraft Segmentation in EO Remote Sensing

Adverse weather poses a major challenge to ground-based electro-optical (EO) aircraft surveillance. Existing parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods operate mainly in the spatial domain and treat weather as a generic domain shift rather than a frequency-dependent degradati...

Synthesis, Structure, and Photothermal Conversion of a Bowl‐Shaped Nanographene Containing Fused 5‐/7‐Ring Pairs

ABSTRACT Incorporation of non‐hexagonal topologies into bowl‐shaped nanographenes offers opportunities for tailoring their electronic properties and supramolecular behavior, however synthesis of such curved systems remains challenging. Herein, we report the facile synthesis of a...

Spatial Heterogeneity of Global Organic Matter Accumulation During the PETM

Abstract The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was an abrupt global warming event triggered by a massive release of isotopically light carbon. Rapid recovery from the PETM has been attributed to enhanced burial of organic matter (OM). However, the mechanisms and spatial dis...

Unlocking raw-corncob consolidated bioprocessing for malic acid production by DyP-enabled lignin deconstruction in Myceliophthora thermophila

l -Malic acid is an important C4 platform chemical, but its direct production from raw lignocellulosic biomass by consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) remains constrained by biomass recalcitrance. Here, we developed an integrated lignin-side and sugar-side engineering strategy in the...