China Meteorological Administration

Modulation of High‐Temperature Events in the Pearl River Delta by Tropical Cyclones With Different Track Types

ABSTRACT This study investigates how different tropical cyclone (TC) track types modulate high‐temperature events in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) of China and how these effects may change under global warming, using observational and reanalysis datasets together with high‐resoluti...

UAV-Satellite Integration Reveals Continuous Methane Emission Variability from Chinese Coal Mine Ventilation Shafts

Abstract Satellite quantification of coal mine methane lacks validation for continuously operating ventilation systems with high temporal variability. We integrate 75 unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flights (30 successful, 13 days) with 6.5 years of satellite observations at a Chin...

Analysis of urban-scale typhoon precipitation characteristics and spatiotemporal patterns: a case study of Ningbo, China

Abstract. Conventional urban-scale precipitation characterization often overlooks the uniqueness of typhoon rainfall specifically in intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) relationships and rainfall patterns. This study used meteorological station observations and assimilated gridded...

Contrasting Terrestrial Moisture Controls on Precipitation and Interannual Variability across the Southern and Northern Tibetan Plateau

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) plays a crucial role in the Asian hydrological cycle, yet the dominant moisture sources and their governing physical processes remain debated. Here, we employ the Eulerian water tracer technique embedded in Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1),...

Dataset Construction of CO2 Flux over Shifting Sand in the Taklimakan Desert and Assessment of Carbon Sequestration Capacity

Desert ecosystems, which cover extensive global regions, play an essential yet often-overlooked role in sequestering atmospheric CO 2 at substantial yet gradual rates, primarily due to insufficient monitoring, data scarcity, and limited research attention. Current assessments of...

Two Modes of Self‐Organizing Development of Extreme Rainfall‐Producing Storms in South China

Abstract The convective‐scale dynamics of extreme rainstorms on monsoon coasts (South China) remain poorly understood. This study uses the advanced coupled model WRF‐Chem‐MOSAIC for a 90‐hr, 3‐km simulation, reasonably capturing the thermodynamic conditions, inhomogeneous near‐su...

Fast All‐Sky Hyperspectral Infrared Radiative Transfer With Physically Recursive Cloud Treatment

Abstract Clouds strongly modify thermal infrared radiances through absorption, emission, and multiple scattering, yet rigorous line‐by‐line (LBL) gas absorption coupled with multi‐stream scattering remains too expensive for large ensembles of all‐sky hyperspectral simulations. We...

HailCam: an automated imaging system for real-time measurement of hail size distributions and fall rates

Abstract. Ground-based hail observations with high temporal resolution and precise microphysical quantification remain critically scarce, limiting the validation of radar-based hail detection algorithms and convective-scale numerical models. Existing automatic hail sensors often...

Unveiling the link between extreme precipitation events and flood disasters in China: from a 3D perspective

Abstract. Extreme precipitation events and their triggered flood disasters have received increasing attention owing to their severe threats to human lives and socioeconomic development. However, there is still a lack of research on their evolutionary characteristics and driving f...

Improving Radar Rainfall Estimate with Kalman Filter Based Bias Adjustment Methods

Abstract This study evaluates three real-time Kalman filter (KF) approaches—Mean Field (MKF), Site-Specific (SKF), and a novel Lagrangian (LKF)—to correct radar rainfall estimation biases. While the SKF addresses spatial heterogeneity by applying independent filters per gauge, th...

Predicting forecast errors with diffusion model for uncertainty quantification in wind speed nowcasting

Abstract. Weather forecasts are inherently uncertain due to the chaotic nature of the atmosphere and unavoidable errors. Ensemble forecasting is the established approach for quantifying the uncertainty. However, it is both computationally expensive and inherently prone to under-d...

Grid-level source tracing and source variation of sand and dust storm affecting in Beijing

Abstract In recent years, sand and dust storm (SDS) activity in Northern China has shown a notable increasing trend. Fine-scale source apportionment of SDS events affecting Beijing is crucial for understanding the mechanisms behind this increase, facilitating effective desertific...

Contribution of Urbanization and Large‐Scale Warming to Temperature Increase From Pre‐Industrial Revolution Time to Recent Period in Central Beijing City

Abstract The annual mean Surface Air Temperature (SAT) observed during 1757–1762 in central Beijing was 3.1°C lower than that of the nearby Autonomous Weather Stations (AWS) in recent 6 years (2015–2020). The change was much larger than the averaged global warming of the past cen...

Improving Accuracy of Low-Altitude Three-Dimensional Wind Field Reconstruction via Multi-Task Learning

The demand for high-precision 3D wind fields in low-altitude weather services is increasing. To improve reconstruction accuracy, the high precision of 2D near-surface single-level products and the vertical structure of 3D numerical model outputs are combined to establish a mappin...

Global cloud phase monitoring from FY-3G multi-angle polarimetric observations using the new MAPLE-CP framework with independent multi-site lidar validation

Global cloud-top phase monitoring is constrained by an observing gap: passive imagers provide broad coverage but limited vertical phase information, whereas active sensors provide stronger physical constraints only along narrow tracks. Here we develop MAPLE-CP, a Multi-Angle Pola...

Spatiotemporal distribution of precipitation microphysical characteristics over the Tianshan Mountains based on GPM/DPR observations

Using monthly mean Level-3 GPM/DPR products from March 2014 to February 2023, this study systematically investigates the spatial distribution, vertical structure, and microphysical characteristics of stratiform and convective precipitation over the Tianshan Mountains. The results...

Why does El Niño develop slowly but decay rapidly

El Niño events typically develop slowly but decay rapidly, yet the processes driving this phase asymmetry remain insufficiently quantified. Here we diagnose the mixed-layer heat budget over integration depths ranging from 30 to 100 m and introduce a depth-resolved diagnostic fram...

A Stepwise Correction Model for Operational Forecasting of Surface Soil Moisture During the Spring Sowing Period

Accurately predicting soil moisture conditions and determining the optimal sowing timing during the spring sowing period play a crucial role in ensuring high and stable grain yields. To address the limitations of existing soil moisture prediction models, i.e., the complexity and...

The Outer‐Core Wind Structure Effects of Doksuri (2023) on the Heavy Rainfall Event in North China

Abstract While considerable attention has been paid to factors that determine the inner‐core and remote structure of tropical cyclone (TC) rainfall, less attention has been paid to what modulates TC rainfall distribution at intermediate distances. This study investigates the sens...