Carnegie Mellon University

RescueLens: LLM‐powered triage and action on volunteer feedback for food rescue

Abstract Food rescue organizations simultaneously tackle food insecurity and waste by working with volunteers to redistribute food from donors who have excess to recipients who need it. Volunteer feedback allows food rescue organizations to identify issues early and ensure volunt...

Incremental effects for continuous exposures

Causal inference problems often involve continuous treatments, such as dose, duration, or frequency. However, identifying and estimating standard dose-response estimands requires that everyone has some chance of receiving any level of the exposure (i.e., positivity). To avoid thi...

A simultaneous approach for training neural differential-algebraic systems of equations

Abstract Neural differential-algebraic systems of equations (DAEs) are a modeling paradigm where some unknown relationships within a DAE are modeled with a neural network and learned from data. Training neural DAEs is more challenging than training neural ordinary-differential eq...

Gaia’s Promise to Detect Compact-object Binaries: Where We Stand with the Third Data Release

Abstract With its third data release (DR3), Gaia begins unveiling dormant candidate compact object (CO) binaries with luminous companions (LC) as predicted by several past theoretical studies. To date, three black hole (BH), 21 neutron star (NS), and ≈3200 white dwarf (WD) candid...

Chiral Iridium(III)Microcrystals with Mechano-TunableCircularly Polarized Luminescence

Abstract Multidimensional optical materials are of interest for high-security information encryption and anticounterfeiting, whereas conventional single-channel luminescent systems have low coding capacity and limited security. The combination of mechanochromic luminescence (MCL)...

Delivering building demand flexibility for grid-interactive operation: from perception and cognition to decision, execution, and verification

As both buildings and power systems undergo rapid decarbonization, demand flexibility (DF) in buildings has emerged as a key enabler for renewable energy integration, grid reliability, energy resilience, and efficient and low carbon operation. By dynamically adjusting building en...

Local news hijacking: a review of international instances

Abstract In the rise of the digital era, it’s easier than ever to create nefarious websites to spread misinformation. A more recent phenomenon in the United States has been the creation of inauthentic local news websites to further an information operation campaign. This paper is...

The role of the locus coeruleus in eye movements during perceptual decision making

The locus coeruleus (LC) is the primary source of norepinephrine in the brain and has been implicated in the processes of attention, arousal, and perceptual decision making. Although prior work has linked transient LC activation to both sensory stimulus processing and motor proce...

Building sets, Chow rings, and their Hilbert series

Abstract We establish formulas for the Hilbert series of the Chow ring of a polymatroid using arbitrary building sets. For braid matroids and minimal building sets, our results produce new formulas for the Poincaré polynomial of the moduli space $$\overline{\mathcal {M}}_{0,n+1}$...

A budding science of illegal markets

Illegal markets create untold societal and environmental harm, but they have attracted surprisingly little scholarly attention. This paper explores illegal markets as a class of objects. It considers similarities and differences across markets, with particular attention to nine:...

Bootstrapping Generalization Error Bounds for Time Series

Abstract We consider the problem of constructing confidence intervals for the risk of forecasting the future of a stationary, ergodic stochastic process, using a model estimated from the past of the process. We show that a bootstrap procedure provides valid confidence intervals f...

Review of Particle Physics *

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,200 new measurements from 903 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and b...

Graded oxidation state calcium phosphate graphene oxide modulates the mechanical and biological behavior of bone matrices

Calcium phosphate graphene (CaPG) is a promising reinforcement for polymeric bone matrices, yet the impact of graphene oxide (GO) oxidation on CaPG chemistry and matrix performance remains unclear. Our previous work demonstrated that 5 wt% CaPG provides optimal mechanical and bio...

Delay Information Sharing in Two-Sided On-Demand Platforms

Problem Definition: We study delay information disclosure policies for on-demand platforms serving two user classes (customers and providers) who seek matches using the platform. The platform's objective is to maximize the match rate by choosing the level of information—no inform...

First-PrinciplesStudy of Magnesium-Induced PhaseStabilization in Gallium Oxide Polymorphs

Abstract In this study, we investigate the effect of Mg incorporation on the relative phase stability of the four primary Ga2O3 polymorphs using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, with the goal of rationalizing experimental observations suggesting that diffusion from M...