Cardiff University

Bond strength evolution of rendering mortars incorporating ladle furnace slag under natural outdoor exposure

Ladle furnace slag (LFS), a byproduct of steelmaking with slow-reacting phases, has emerged as a potential supplementary binder to partially replace Portland cement (PC), although its in-service behavior remains poorly understood. This study investigates how bond strength develop...

Tail Connectedness in European Equity Markets: Regime Persistence and the Role of Geopolitical Risk

Financial networks are typically summarised by a single average-regime connectedness estimate that treats transmission as symmetric across calm and turbulent markets. Using a quantile vector autoregression on nine European equity indices from 2000 to 2026, we show that crash-regi...

Who Did It? Sleep, Source Memory, and Action Memory in Human 4-Year-Olds

Sleep facilitates memory consolidation across the lifespan, but few studies have investigated underlying mechanisms in early development. The present study assessed the role of sleep timing after a social learning situation for action memory in seventy-six 4-year-old children and...

Can Reasons Be Irreducibly Relational?

Abstract The irreducibility thesis is the view that there are some reasons for action whose normative force is not explained by the value of the actions for which they are reasons, but which must instead be explained in terms of some relation between agents. This view has been de...

Life is a Pressure Cooker: How and Why Stress Directs Consumers to Act Unethically

Abstract Unethical consumer behavior, such as deceptive product returns, digital piracy, shoplifting, and falsifying online reviews, is a growing concern with significant economic and ethical implications. However, its psychological antecedents remain underexplored. This research...

Towards a deep-learning genomic tool for risk stratification and diagnostic support in sporadic ALS

Abstract Background A variety of common and rare genetic factors have been implicated in the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and the evidence is that a genetic component is present in most affected individuals. However, our current understanding of ALS genetic...

Variance Polygenic Scores (vPGS) as a Tool for Studying Gene-Environment Interactions Associated With Refractive Error

Abstract Purpose Conventional polygenic scores predict an individual’s phenotype based on their genetics. By contrast, variance polygenic scores (vPGS) quantify genetic predisposition to phenotypic variance. We tested the hypothesis that a vPGS for refractive error can identify i...

UK'37 is unaffected by IODP repository conditions

The alkenone palaeothermometer is one of the principal methods by which past sea surface temperatures are reconstructed on Cenozoic timescales. Alkenone temperatures, produced from the UK’37 ratio of C37:2 and C37:3 alkenones, have been generated in hundreds of studies, many usin...

Sleep as a window into thalamocortical pathology: generative modeling implicates NMDA receptor hypofunction in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

Abstract 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a strong genetic risk factor for neuropsychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia, yet the underlying synaptic mechanisms remain unclear. Sleep EEG suggests thalamocortical dysfunction, but scalp data alone lack mechanistic re...

Machine learning provides individualized prediction of outcomes after first complete remission without allo‐HSCT consolidation in adult acute myeloid leukemia—A HARMONY study

Abstract Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is a curative treatment option for a significant proportion of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and it is generally recommended when the relapse risk without allo‐HSCT outweighs the estimated non‐r...

Pharmacological Inhibition of Small Extracellular Vesicle Secretion by ALK5i SD‐208 via Lysosomal Rerouting of CD63+ Compartments

ABSTRACT Pharmacological tools to selectively modulate extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion are scarce. Here, we identify the ALK5 (TGF‐β receptor I) inhibitor SD‐208 as a potent suppressor of small EV (sEV) secretion that acts independently of its canonical anti‐fibrotic activit...

Cool Citizens? How Affectively Unpolarized Citizens View and Participate in Democracy

Abstract Does affective polarization change how citizens view and participate in democracy? We posit that the answer to this crucial question depends on how affectively un polarized citizens view and participate in democracy. Yet, the most common operationalization of affective p...

Recruiting a geographically, ethnically and socioeconomically diverse population of postpartum women into a behavioural weight management intervention trial: an evaluation of strategies used in the Supporting MumS (SMS) randomised controlled trial

Abstract Background Engaging women in behavioural weight management interventions in the postpartum period has proved challenging. Previous trials of such interventions have frequently experienced issues with participant recruitment and retention and recruited samples have been s...

The generative adversarial networks (GANs) for case- or scenario-based teaching in orthodontic education, a scoping review

Abstract Background Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can produce high-fidelity synthetic images without exposing real patient data, offering a potential solution to the patient-consent and privacy constraints that limit case- and scenario-based teaching in postgraduate orth...

Treating Multiple Chemical Sensitivity as a Specific Phobia Using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: A Case Study in an Older Adult

Abstract Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) is a poorly understood condition characterised by physical symptoms triggered by minimal exposure to odorous or chemical agents, often without identifiable organic pathology. This case study describes the treatment of MCS in an older a...

How Norms Depend on the Presence and Status of Observers: The Relational Contingency of Everyday Behaviors in 90 Societies

Norms are fundamental to social life, but basic questions about how they are affected by social context remain. Specifically, how do normative constraints depend on the presence and status of observers, and how do such relational contingencies vary across cultures? Using data fro...

90 Developing Patient-Focused Outcomes for Routine Clinical Care in Glioma: A Synthesis of Qualitative Evidence from the COMBaT Study

Abstract Introduction There is a critical need to identify and routinely measure the outcomes that matter most to people living with glioma. Care needs in this population are complex and variable, yet current clinical practice lacks consistent, systematic approaches to assessing...

Antidepressant Prescribing Trends for Adults With and Without Autism in the United Kingdom From 1997 to 2023: A Population‐Based Cohort Study Using Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum

Antidepressant prescribing and autism diagnoses have increased in recent years. We aimed to describe and compare trends in antidepressant prescribing, indications, doses and durations in autistic and non-autistic males and females in the United Kingdom (UK) from 1997 to 2023. Usi...

20 Updates on Magnetic Resonance Imaging assessment of tumour MicrOStructure in GlioblastomA: A cross-sectional study (The MIMOSA Study)

Abstract The MIMOSA (Magnetic Resonance Imaging assessment of tumour MicrOStructure in GlioblastomA) study is recruiting patients with a presumed diagnosis of glioblastoma (GBM) pre-operatively to receive advanced diffusion-weighted magnetic-resonance-imaging (DW-MRI) using the C...

27 Development of Precision Virotherapies for Diffuse Midline Gliomas

Abstract Introduction Diffuse Midline Gliomas (DMGs) are highly aggressive paediatric brainstem tumours with a median survival of 9-11 months - a figure unchanged for over four decades. This indicates a critical need for targeted therapies. The VITAL lab has developed Ad5NULL-RGD...