Cairo University

Efficacy and safety of BAFF/APRIL-pathway inhibitors versus placebo in adults with IgA nephropathy: a systematic review with pairwise and network meta-analysis

B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) drive the galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) production that underlies IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Several BAFF/APRIL-pathway inhibitors have entered randomized testing, but none has been compared head-to-hea...

Temporal Feature Interaction for Robust Remote Sensing Image Change Detection: A Taxonomy and Cross-Domain Comparative Study

Remote sensing change detection (RSCD) has advanced through convolutional, attention-based, transformer, and hybrid architectures, yet models are commonly compared as whole architectural families rather than by how their temporal streams interact. This study introduces the Tempor...

A machine learning approach to predict treatment response in myofascial pain patients receiving masseter trigger point injections

BACKGROUND: Trigger point injection (TPI) therapy is widely used for masseter myofascial pain syndrome (MPS), yet outcomes vary substantially. Individualized prediction tools are lacking, often leading to trial-and-error treatment selection. OBJECTIVE: To develop, externally vali...

Optimal charge-discharge scheduling of PV-battery storage system microgrid using a hybrid optimization algorithm

Abstract In last few years, integrating renewable energy sources (RES) with traditional energy sources became prominent applications to diversify the energy mix in the modern power grids. Nevertheless, the incorporation of RES poses additional challenges to power distribution net...

Synthesis and molecular docking of novel pyrazole, pyrimidine, and pyridine derivatives as potent antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and anticancer agents

Abstract The development of novel antimicrobial and anticancer agents remains a priority due to rising drug resistance and high systemic toxicity of current treatments. A series of novel pyrazole ( 2–6 ), pyrimidine ( 7–10 ), and pyridine/oxazinone ( 11–14 ) derivatives were synt...

Stigma, discrimination-related events, and determinants among adult people living with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Systematic review and indicator-level meta-analysis

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with 0.4 million new cases diagnosed annually. With its wide variety of visible and invisible manifestations, people living with SLE report being exposed to stigmatization, which impacts their personal a...

Autoimmune diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract: clinical patterns, imaging spectrum, and complications

Autoimmune diseases frequently involve the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and can present with nonspecific symptoms that delay diagnosis. Their manifestations range from subtle motility disturbances to life-threatening ischemia, perforation, or obstruction. Advances in cross-section...

Circulating Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-4α is Associated with Metabolic Dysfunction and Hepatic Remodeling in Fructose-Induced Metabolic Syndrome: An Immunomorphometric Study

Metabolic syndrome (MS) driven by excessive dietary fructose is associated with progressive hepatic injury including steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF4α), a master transcriptional regulator of hepatic metabolism, is typically down...

Evaluating raw versus body-weight–normalized McGill core endurance composite scores in recreational weightlifters: implications for strength and functional performance

The effectiveness of using McGill trunk endurance scores as raw values or body-weight-normalized metrics remains uncertain for evaluating weight classes, especially given the increasing number of recreational weightlifters. The study compared the raw McGill composite score with t...

Cardiac interoception as a mechanistic link between congenital mitral valve prolapse and anxiety disorders: from circuit dissection to neurotechnological modulation

Abstract Background Interoception represents the brain’s ability to sense and interpret internal bodily signals, integrating cardiovascular, autonomic, and cortical processes to maintain homeostasis and shape emotional states. Cardiac interoception links physiological signals wit...

Chronic Ankle Instability and Low Back Pain: A Narrative Review With a Conceptual Framework Linking Distal and Proximal Sensorimotor Dysfunction

ABSTRACT Background Chronic ankle instability and chronic low back pain are highly prevalent in musculoskeletal conditions. Emerging evidence suggests that they are interconnected through shared biomechanical, neuromuscular, and neurophysiological mechanisms, where deficits in pr...

Comparative thermodynamic assessment of plasma gasification and plasma pyrolysis of livestock‐derived agricultural waste for syngas production

Abstract This study presents a thermodynamic assessment of the plasma conversion of livestock‐derived agricultural waste, represented by dried mixed manure, using the TERRA equilibrium program. Plasma gasification and plasma pyrolysis were compared within a unified modeling frame...

Effects of Virtual Reality Versus Whole-Body Vibration on Muscle Strength and Balance in Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: a Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective To compare the effects of virtual reality versus whole-body vibration on quadriceps muscle strength and balance in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Methods In this assessor-blinded, parallel-group randomized controlled trial (1:1 allocation), 50 ambulatory boy...

CD38 Inhibition Enhances FXR Signaling in Male Rats With Diabetic Steatohepatitis Through SIRT1‐Dependent Suppression of NLRP3

ABSTRACT Diabetic steatohepatitis, now clinically framed within metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH), features progressive disruption of hepatic microarchitecture alongside sterile inflammatory microdomains. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activity is restrained by...

Nurse‐Led Multicomponent Interventions for Delirium Prevention in Hospitalised Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

AIMS: To quantify the effect of nurse-led or nurse-coordinated multicomponent non-pharmacological interventions on delirium incidence in hospitalised older adults and to examine secondary outcomes, intervention components and moderators of effect. DESIGN: Systematic review and me...

Familial tailgut cysts in two sisters presenting with sacral dimple sign: a case report

Tailgut cysts are rare congenital cystic lesions arising from remnants of the embryological postanal primitive gut. Familial clustering of tailgut cysts has been rarely reported, and the association with sacral dimple sign as an early diagnostic indicator remains underexplored. W...

Utilizing High-Frequency Seismic Signals (HFSS) and other geophysical methods to locate potential sinkhole collapses: a case study from West of Alexandria, Egypt

Analysis of microtremors, especially the high-frequency seismic signals (HFSS), emitted from shallow sources in the frequency domain 20–20,000 Hz, can be used in investigating various hazard causes, such as landslides, sinkholes, avalanches, shallow cavities and many other applic...

Molecular basis for protection and cross-protection by human antibodies targeting the parainfluenza virus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein

ABSTRACT Human parainfluenza viruses (PIVs) are a leading cause of respiratory illness, particularly in vulnerable populations, where infection can lead to severe disease. Despite their clinical impact, there are currently no licensed vaccines or effective antiviral treatments av...

The extended pink esthetic score (E-PES): a reliability and multidirectional score-behavior study for peri-implant esthetic assessment

OBJECTIVES: The Pink Esthetic Score (PES) is widely used to assess peri-implant soft-tissue esthetics around single-tooth implant restorations; however, frontal-view assessment may incompletely capture three-dimensional peri-implant features such as buccolingual contour, emergenc...