Beijing Children’s Hospital

Efficacy of dietary supplements for treating pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a major chronic liver disease in children. The comparative effects and safety of dietary supplements in children with MASLD remain uncertain. This systematic review and network meta-analysis compared their effect...

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children: A Retrospective Three-Center Study in Zhejiang Province, China (2010–2024)

Invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) are among the leading causes of global child mortality. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines provide direct protection against IPD caused by serotypes included in the vaccine. To investigate the clinical characteristics, serotypes, and antibiotic r...

Engineered Peptide Self‐Assembled Nanofibers for Enhanced STING Activation: A Promising Nanodelivery Platform for Immunotherapy of Pediatric Solid Tumors

ABSTRACT STING agonists (e.g., cGAMP), which function as immunotherapeutic agents activating the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, hold promise for treating pediatric solid tumors including neuroblastoma. However, their clinical translation is hindered by limitation...

PediatricLiver score: a novel risk score for screening elevated liver stiffness in the pediatric population (CHESS2401)

Given the looming crisis of rapid increase in childhood obesity globally, chronic metabolic diseases have consequently emerged but without sufficient awareness among children. Reliable and accessible screening tools thus are required to screen for significant liver fibrosis in th...

The clinicopathologic and molecular profile of second primary thyroid cancer in pediatric cancer survivors

Abstract Objective To characterize the clinicopathological and molecular profiles, treatment, and outcomes of second primary thyroid cancer (SPTC) in childhood cancer survivors to inform risk-stratified surveillance and management. Methods This retrospective case series enrolled...

Dynamic urinary proteomic signatures reveal key molecular pathways and biomarkers in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea

This study aimed to determine whether paired pre-sleep and morning urinary proteomic profiling, expressed as the morning-to-bedtime protein ratio, can identify severity-associated molecular signatures and candidate biomarkers in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). A total of...

Precise removal of fractured scalp vein catheters in infants using 3D-CT reconstruction and body surface localization: case reports and literature review

Scalp vein catheters for intravenous infusions are essential in pediatric care but carry a risk of breakage due to children’s activity. Although catheter breakage is an extremely rare complication, soft, thin catheters can become encapsulated and softened by blood vessels, potent...

Population Pharmacokinetics of Topical Timolol Maleate Gel in Healthy Volunteers and Infants With Superficial Infantile Hemangioma

Although timolol ophthalmic solutions or hospital-compounded formulations have been used off-label for the treatment of superficial infantile hemangioma (IH), no topical timolol formulation has been developed specifically for this indication. This study was the first to develop a...

Brentuximab vedotin combined with risk-adapted chemoimmunotherapy for Hodgkin’s lymphoma in Chinese children: a single-center, nonrandomized controlled study

Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) has high curability following chemotherapy combined with radiation treatments, but an excess of short-term and long-term treatment-related morbidities remain a concern. The challenge associated with cHL treatment lie in significantly reducing the lo...

Etiological characteristics and genotypes of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children in Baoding from 2022 to 2024

ABSTRACT To investigate the epidemiology associated with genetic types and macrolide resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) in children during and post-COVID-19 in Baoding. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 13,534 children and adolescents (≤18 years old) with community-...

Targeting the immune microenvironment in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: roles of macrophages, eosinophils, regulatory T cells, and neutrophils

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive, life-limiting muscle disease caused by dystrophin deficiency and characterized by recurrent myofiber necrosis, persistent inflammation, and fibrosis. Although dystrophin-restoring and disease-modifying therapies are advancing, n...

Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter to body surface area ratio as a continuous risk marker in left ventricular non-compaction with a dilated phenotype: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a risk factor for poor outcomes in patients with left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC). This study aims to identify key factors associated with the DCM phenotype in LVNC and develop a risk stratification model. This multicenter cross-sectional stu...

Novel Compound Heterozygous STK4 Variants Associated with Combined Immunodeficiency, Impaired Thymic Output, and Altered FOXO1-BACH2 Signaling

Serine/threonine kinase 4 (STK4) deficiency is a rare combined immunodeficiency (CID). This study aims to analyze the clinical and immunological characteristics of a child carrying novel compound heterozygous STK4 variants and to explore potential alterations in FOXO1-BACH2 signa...

Vitamin D ameliorates the inflammation, oxidative stress and mitophagy to enhance the protective effects of MSCs on the pancreatic injury

Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has emerged as a revolutionary breakthrough in the treatment of T1DM. Nevertheless, its therapeutic efficacy is controversial due to the influence of diverse micro-environment including vitamin D (VD) deficiency. Moreover, it still...

Integrated multiomics reveals a clinically relevant CXCL8-centric protein network in pediatric postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans

Pediatric postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is a long-term sequela of severe lower respiratory tract infection. However, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms within the airways remain poorly understood. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from six children with PIBO...

Oxaloacetate damages mitochondria by perturbing MIC60-dependent membrane remodeling

Abstract Mitochondria catabolize nutrients by generating sequentially-ordered organic acid intermediates that are oxidized through the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Pathogenic accumulation of metabolic organic acids manifests as devastating organic acidemias/acidurias and other sever...

Precision Dosing for Pediatric Growth Hormone Deficiency With Daily and Weekly Growth Hormone

ABSTRACT Pediatric growth hormone deficiency (GHD) typically requires daily injections of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). Long‐acting PEGylated recombinant human growth hormone (PEG‐rhGH) formulations have been developed to reduce injection frequency and improve adherenc...

A Genotype–Phenotype Analysis of Four Chinese Children Carrying Distinct Pathogenic Variants in the CTCF Gene

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical phenotypes and genetic variant characteristics of four unrelated Chinese children carrying pathogenic variants in the CTCF gene and to explore the genotype–phenotype heterogeneity of autosomal dominant intellectua...

Body Composition–Driven Phenotyping Reveals Obesity and Cardiometabolic Heterogeneity in Children Using a Tree-Like Representation

Traditional measures such as BMI do not fully capture obesity-related metabolic risks. Here, we examined DXA-derived body composition patterns in children (n = 11,238) using the discriminative dimensionality reduction tree algorithm, which was validated in an independent cohort (...

A de novo IKZF4 Variant Underlies Hypogammaglobulinemia and Increased Infection Susceptibility through Downregulating the NF-κB Pathway

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a group of complex diseases characterized by reduced immunity and increased susceptibility to external pathogens, autoinflammation, autoimmune conditions, and/or malignancy. The IKAROS zinc-finger ( IKZF ) family is a group of C2H2 zinc-finger...