Australian National University

Complete Sample Likelihood Estimation and Inference for Single and Multi-Stage Sample Surveys

In the analysis of sample surveys, accounting for informative sampling design is critical to ensure estimates of model parameters such as regression coefficients are not systematically biased. One popular solution is maximum pseudo-likelihood estimation, which incorporates weight...

Genomic predisposition is associated with the direction of sex chromosome evolution

Sex chromosome evolution is among the most dynamic genomic innovations in vertebrates, yet why some lineages evolve XY while others evolve ZW remains unclear. Using chromosome-level genomes from 19 geckos, we found that gecko sex chromosomes originated independently from 16 ances...

Conserving Australian lizards and snakes: an update on progress since 2017

The Action Plan for Australian Lizards and Snakes 2017 summarised results from the first comprehensive assessment of the Australian squamate fauna by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), updating a more precursory assessment in 1993. This review outlines the...

Axial dysprosium cyclopentadienyl-amide single-molecule magnets with hysteresis up to 92 kelvin

Abstract Molecules showing magnetic memory effects at high temperatures could be used in high-density data storage devices. A magnetic hysteresis temperature ( T H ) of 100 K has been achieved for a near-linear dysprosium bis(amide)-alkene single-molecule magnet (SMM), and a bent...

Shifting drivers and predictable corridors of an illegal wildlife trade network

Illegal wildlife trade is a major driver of biodiversity loss but the lack of understanding of mechanisms sustaining criminal networks hampers law enforcement. We integrated three decades of confiscation data, criminological modeling, and spatial network analysis to dissect the i...

When opposition leaders speak: personalisation and question time in Australia

Question Time is a highly visible and adversarial parliamentary arena central to executive accountability, yet increasing personalisation may redirect scrutiny from collective party actors to individual leaders. This article analyses personalisation in Australian Question Time us...

A New Scale of Function Spaces Characterizing Homogeneous Besov Spaces

Abstract We introduce and study a new scale of function spaces that characterize the homogeneous Besov spaces $$\dot{\text {B}}^{\beta }_{p,q}$$ B ˙ p , q β , hence completing earlier work by Ullrich. These new spaces include the ones introduced by Barton and Mayboroda, and syste...

Equatorial Indian Ocean productivity over the last 200,000 years and links to deep circulation variations

Ocean circulation plays a key role in regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide levels during Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles. However, spatial responses of the oceans remain poorly constrained because reliable records from important carbon exchange regions, such as the equat...

A tale of two realities: how do policymakers and general practitioners perceive the performance of primary health networks in Australia

BACKGROUND: As the major regional primary health care (PHC) organisations in Australia, Primary Health Networks (PHNs) are expected to coordinate health care for patients and respond to local health needs. To evaluate their success, it is important to examine both policy practiti...

Regime Shifts and Transformations in Social-Ecological Systems: Advancing Critical Frontiers for Safe and Just Futures

Current research challenges in sustainability science require us to consider nonlinear changes—shifts that do not happen gradually but can be sudden and difficult to predict. Central questions are therefore how we can prevent harmful shifts, promote desirable ones, and better ant...

Short- and long-term influences on voting: the case of the 2025 Australian election

The 2025 Australian federal election, although widely expected to result in a hung parliament, was a resounding win for the Australian Labor Party. What explained this result? Was the election result driven by long-term shifts in Australian electoral behaviour, by short-term camp...

Land degradation decision trigger points to minimise soil erosion in rangelands

Predicting when vegetation cover (the sum of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic vegetation) drops below soil erosion protection thresholds is vital for reducing land degradation. This study developed a potential for land degradation (PoLD) framework to identify decision-trigge...

Snow Avalanche Characteristics Along Milford Road, Aotearoa New Zealand, Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Abstract We repurposed an unlit (“dark”) telecommunication fiber cable running along the Milford Road in Fiordland, Aotearoa New Zealand, into a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) array to monitor snow avalanches during the 2024 austral winter and spring season. Using DAS data, w...

A governance and management framework for addressing modern slavery risk in multi-tier supply chains

Abstract Better governance of modern slavery risk represents a key challenge that needs to be addressed if sustainability in global supply chains is to be realised in line with United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 8.7. This conceptual paper develops and presents a multidim...

Chicken Nation: Permissibility, Power, and the Social Life of Meat in India

This article examines the cultural and political significance of chicken in contemporary India, situating its circulation within histories of caste hierarchy, religious distinction, and majoritarian politics. While scholarship has foregrounded beef as a site of prohibition and pu...

Climate adaptation as evolvability

Abstract Standard approaches to climate adaptation, commonly understood as the protection of infrastructure, social systems, and ecosystems from adverse climate impacts, are too closely tied to the biological concept of adaptation and the ecological notion of stability . Instead,...

Breast cancer metabolism and responsiveness to dichloroacetate: relationships with 15N and 13C natural abundance

Abstract Background Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of breast cancer (BrCa), with alterations in glycolysis, glutamine metabolism, and the urea cycle contributing to tumour progression. Dichloroacetate (DCA), a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibitor, shifts metabolis...

Demographic and psychosocial factors associated with adjustment and reintegration to civilian life: a prospective and cross-sectional analysis of transitioning and ex-serving military personnel

The prevalence of reintegration and adjustment difficulties among military veterans transitioning to civilian life is high, with maladjustment linked to poor mental health and increased suicide risk. Identifying factors predictive of adjustment may inform the development of preve...

The chiral gyrating H’-T surface family: construction from the dual qtz – qzd nets and existence proof using a toroidal Weierstrass method

Abstract This paper provides an existence proof for a one-parameter family of chiral unbalanced triply periodic minimal surfaces of genus four. We name these gyrating H’-T surfaces because they are related to Schoen’s H’-T surfaces in a similar way as the gyroid is to the primiti...

Ala viridis sublimis : on butterflies, budgies and bicontinuous greens

Abstract Green structural colour associated with bicontinuous photonic nano structures occurs in both butterflies (Lycaenidae, Papilionidae) and birds (Chloropseidae leafbirds, Psittaculidae parrots). In butterflies and leafbirds, porous chitin or keratin single gyroids reflect g...