Australian National University

Zincblende-/Diamond-Structure Nanocrystals: Analytic Surface Energies by Size, Shape, and Surface Orientation

Abstract Recently, the universal analytics for the intrinsic shape of zincblende (zb) and diamond-lattice nanocrystals (NCs) were described [AIP Adv. 6, 085306 (2016)], determining exact numbers for their internal atoms NNC, internal bonds Nbnd, and interface bonds NIF as a funct...

Global origins of tuna and billfish fisheries reveal the transition from coastal access to oceanic exploitation

Ocean ecosystems have played a crucial role in people’s lives around the world for millennia. However, questions persist about when, why, and how people first began removing biomass from offshore habitats and established fisheries in distant, oceanic environments. We explore the...

Evaluating the impact of triple-drug mass drug administration using human and mosquito-based indicators of lymphatic filariasis in Samoa, 2019 – 2024

Background For lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination, the World Health Organization recommends multiple rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) to interrupt transmission. While LF antigen (Ag) is routinely used to monitor progress, recent evidence suggests more time-sensitive in...

Molecular and morphological approaches to taxonomy and historical biogeography of Yellow-tailed Black Cockatoos ( Zanda funerea )

Prompted by a recent taxonomic proposal to divide the Yellow-tailed Black Cockatoo Zanda funerea into three species essentially based largely on morphometrics, we examined the species’ genetic diversity through single nucleotide polymorphism data from 64 individuals across its ra...

Optimal Taxation in Lifecycle Economies in the Presence of Commitment and Temptation Problems

Self-control problems affect consumption, saving, and labor supply, with implications for tax policy. We study optimal taxation with the self-control preferences of Gul and Pesendorfer. Krusell et al. showed that with these preferences, savings should be subsidized; under logarit...

Learning to Generalize Across Conditions: A PPO-Based Learning Approach to Multi-Condition Multi-Objective Optimization

This study introduces sPPO-CR, a policy-gradient deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm for multi-objective (MO) and multi-condition multi-objective (MCMO) optimization. The method builds on a simplified single-step variant of Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) and incorpora...

Estimating relapse time distribution from longitudinal biomarker trajectories using iterative regression and continuous time Markov processes

Abstract Biomarker measurements obtained by blood sampling are often used as a non-invasive means of monitoring tumour progression in cancer patients. Diseases evolve dynamically over time, and studying longitudinal observations of specific biomarkers can help to understand patie...

Floristic condition drives differential response to cultural burns in grassy woodlands for ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Societal Impact Statement Cultural burns are a critical Indigenous land management practice with diverse cultural and biodiversity benefits, now being reintroduced by Indigenous communities to Australian grassy woodlands after long post‐colonization suppression. How these burns i...

Global Incidence of All-Cause Dementia

Importance Global dementia incidence estimates are limited by underrepresentation of low- and middle-income countries and heterogeneous analytic methods. Due to these limitations, true understanding of the global dementia landscape remains incomplete. Objective To identify dement...

The effect of prenatal environment on brain mitochondrial function and prey detection in a lizard

Abstract The ability to detect prey is crucial for survival in many animals. However, prey detection is a cognitive process that can be influenced by early life conditions such as prenatal stress or temperature. Mitochondrial function is likely to underlie these effects because c...

Signs of power: giant ficron handaxes may have played a non-utilitarian role in structuring social groups in MIS 9 Britain

Giant ficrons are a rare but recurrent sub-type of Acheulean handaxe, that in Britain are predominantly found in assemblages dating to the MIS 9 interglacial. A variety of theories have aimed to explain the striking size and appearance of giant ficrons as reflecting their use in...

Why rotation and mixture fail: treatment history and the declining acaricide efficacy in Varroa destructor

Abstract BACKGROUND Insecticide resistance management (IRM) strategies, such as rotation and mixture, rely on fitness tradeoffs and susceptible population dilution to slow resistance. While IRM is widely recommended, its robustness when a target pest's biology violates these foun...

Leadership capability in complex systems: Towards a multi-dimensional framework

Leadership is often exercised in conditions characterised by uncertainty, interdependence, tension, emergence and change.In these conditions, no single leader can fully understand or control the system, and effective responses cannot always be determined in advance.Leadership bec...

Monsters of finance

Abstract An anthropology of horror can serve as a vernacular critique of financial speculation. Drawing on fieldwork in San Pedro, Paraguay, I track horror across three registers: pombero tricksters; plata yvyguy (buried money) as a founding myth of postwar finance; and obligatio...

Impact of Breast Density and Other Factors on Mammography Guided Vacuum Assisted Breast Biopsy Microcalcification Retrieval Rates

ABSTRACT Introduction Mammography guided vacuum‐assisted biopsy (MG‐VAB) is the preferred method for histological diagnosis of screening mammography detected microcalcifications, yet the influence of breast density as well as other patient and procedure‐specific factors on retrie...

Using the Psychology Research Experience Preparedness (PREP) Program to Encourage Research Engagement Amongst Undergraduate Students

Background Undergraduate psychology research experiences offer many benefits for students. The Psychology Research Experience Preparedness (PREP) program was developed to demystify the research process and broaden participation amongst undergraduate psychology students. Objective...

Tunable Raman Scattering of Fe(II) Coordination Networks With Magnetic Fields

ABSTRACT Controlling terahertz (THz) waves is important for next‐generation communications, sensing, and imaging technologies. However, it is still unclear precisely how THz signals can be manipulated by various materials. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of four coordi...

A diversified approach to the design of recombinant silk proteins for biomaterials

Silk offers a sustainable alternative to synthetic polymers, yet widespread industrial adoption has not been realised. Many current silk protein engineering efforts have focused on spider dragline silk; a pursuit made difficult by the metabolic burden of expressing high molecular...

Will government meritocracy survive democratic backsliding in Indonesia? The unfinished story of Indonesia’s civil service commission

Indonesia, the world’s fourth-most-populous country and third-largest democracy, has more than 287 million people across approximately 7,500 inhabited islands. Its decentralised administration comp...

Enumeration of Regular Multipartite Hypergraphs

Abstract. We determine the asymptotic number of regular multipartite hypergraphs, also known as multidimensional binary contingency tables, for all values of the parameters.