Australian National University

3-D Crustal structure of Mount Isa, metallogenic province in Northern Australia from ambient noise tomography

Summary The Mount Isa Province in northern Australia represents one of the largest exposed Proterozoic crustal regions within the Australian continent and is recognized globally for its world-class mineral deposits. The underlying crustal architecture has been investigated using...

Superstitious CEO and Corporate Misconduct: Evidence From China

Using a Chinese dataset that spans from 2007 through 2019, we examine how superstitious beliefs shape managerial behavior, as reflected in corporate misconduct. In traditional Chinese culture, a person’s zodiac year, which recurs every 12 years, is widely believed to bring bad lu...

Mortality differentials between self-settled refugees and South Africans in rural South Africa: insights from the Agincourt HDSS, 1994–2018

Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) host most of the world’s refugees but often have limited mortality information systems. Consequently, evidence on the long-term mortality trajectories of self-settled refugees and the contribution of socioeconomic disadvantage to mortality...

Melatonin enhances cadmium tolerance in Tartary buckwheat by regulating phenylpropane biosynthesis and redox gene expression

Abstract Background Melatonin (MT) is a multifunctional molecule capable of alleviating biotic and abiotic stresses in plants including cadmium (Cd) toxicity. While studies show that MT treatment can reduce the damage caused by Cd, it remains unclear how it mitigates Cd toxicity...

The association of involvement in clinical activities and job satisfaction among hospital and community pharmacists: an application of Herzberg’s two factor theory

The role of pharmacists in providing clinical activities has been expanded in several countries to address the increasing demand for healthcare services. This paper aims to (1) quantitatively investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and involvement in clinical activi...

Seasonal fluctuations in fitness result in severe reductions in effective population size

Abstract Genetic evidence for fluctuating selection has begun to accumulate for different species over the past few decades, especially for the Drosophila genus where studies have reported hundreds of loci undergoing putatively adaptive oscillations across successive seasons. How...

Structure-guided targeting of the LAT1-4F2hc amino acid transporter in cancer and brain disorders

Abstract The heterodimeric amino acid transporter L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1)-4F2hc (SLC7A5-SLC3A2) is a key regulator of large neutral amino acid exchange, linking extracellular nutrient availability to intracellular growth signaling. It is physiologically enriched at...

Empirical mathematics in Australian Indigenous smoke telegraphy

Mathematics curriculums at most universities tend to perpetuate a belief that higher mathematics is historically and culturally European. First Nations and minority students may not see their identities and cultures reflected in the discipline, yet university mathematics educator...

Tracking Variability in Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Riverine Inputs to the Iberian Margin Over the Last 250 kyr

Abstract The Iberian Margin provides an exceptional archive of climate variability due to its high sedimentation rates. However, uncertainties persist regarding the provenance of terrigenous detrital sediments on the Iberian Margin, and the climate‐driven changes in their source...

Psychometric properties of the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS) in assessing suicidal ideation in adolescents

Abstract Background The paucity of valid and reliable tools for assessing the severity of suicidal ideation in adolescents is an impediment to youth suicide prevention efforts. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDA...

In-line fiber-integrated photon-pair generation from van der Waals crystals

Miniaturized quantum light sources that operate directly in optical fibers are an attractive platform for optical quantum technologies. However, most miniaturized spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) sources still rely on objective-lens-based free-space pumping and colle...

Multimodal fusion of complementary material representations for generalizable and interpretable property prediction

Material properties often depend on coupled compositional, structural, and geometric factors that are incompletely captured by any single representation. We introduce interpretable multimodal fusion (IM-Fuse), a framework that integrates compositional descriptors, crystal graphs,...

Synchronous human-dolphin foraging increases fishing success despite prey unpredictability

Abstract Foraging theory predicts that individuals adjust their behaviour in response to environmental conditions and prey availability. One solution to finding and capturing unpredictable prey is social foraging, yet it remains unclear whether its benefits arise from behavioural...

Health information technology use in clinical practice and implications for implementation: Examples from Canberra Health Services, Australia

BACKGROUND: Health information technology (HIT) has advanced rapidly over the past two decades, yet digital transformation in healthcare remains difficult and lags behind many other sectors. Existing literature suggests that implementation outcomes are context-dependent and may v...

Pre-Cambrian origin of envelope-carrying retrotransposons in metazoans

Retrotransposons or endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) essentially carry open reading frames of gag and pol, which are utilized to selfishly replicate themselves in the host germline genome. One rare example of ERVs that additionally carry envelope genes is Ty3/gypsy errantiviruses i...

Genomic predisposition is associated with the direction of sex chromosome evolution

Sex chromosome evolution is among the most dynamic genomic innovations in vertebrates, yet why some lineages evolve XY while others evolve ZW remains unclear. Using chromosome-level genomes from 19 geckos, we found that gecko sex chromosomes originated independently from 16 ances...

Complete Sample Likelihood Estimation and Inference for Single and Multi-Stage Sample Surveys

In the analysis of sample surveys, accounting for informative sampling design is critical to ensure estimates of model parameters such as regression coefficients are not systematically biased. One popular solution is maximum pseudo-likelihood estimation, which incorporates weight...

Earth Observation for Australian Grains: A National Readiness Assessment (2026-2030)

This National Readiness Assessment examines the foundational capabilities required for Australia to operationalise trait-level Earth Observation (EO) across the grains sector by 2030. While current multispectral EO systems have delivered substantial value for vegetation monitorin...

Costing global biodiversity framework delivery in megadiverse Australia

Most nations worldwide face substantial funding gaps to halt biodiversity loss, yet many governments lack comprehensive cost estimates essential for effective budget allocation and implementation planning. This study provides a comprehensive estimate of the costs Australian gover...

Axial dysprosium cyclopentadienyl-amide single-molecule magnets with hysteresis up to 92 kelvin

Abstract Molecules showing magnetic memory effects at high temperatures could be used in high-density data storage devices. A magnetic hysteresis temperature ( T H ) of 100 K has been achieved for a near-linear dysprosium bis(amide)-alkene single-molecule magnet (SMM), and a bent...