Alexandria University

Mesenchymal stem cells modulate pancreatic and splenic inflammation through PI3K/AKT/mTOR and TGF-β signalling in diabetic rats

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can attenuate diabetic organ damage through immunomodulatory and paracrine mechanisms, yet the specific signalling pathways engaged in the pancreas and spleen remain poorly characterized. This study investigated the effects of a si...

Intestinal ultrasound assessment of Crohn’s disease activity and complications: correlation with clinical, biochemical, and cross-sectional imaging findings

Abstract Background Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder with variable clinical presentation and disease course. Accurate, non-invasive assessment of disease activity is crucial for guiding management and follow-up. Intestinal ultrasound (IUS), particular...

Rabies and rabies prophylaxis in Egypt: a nationwide cross-sectional study that calls for action

BACKGROUND: Rabies is a fatal but preventable viral disease that poses a global health threat, especially in developing countries. Despite the high incidence of animal bites reported annually in Egypt, limited data exist regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of...

Awareness of Community Members in Sudan Toward Stroke in 2024

ABSTRACT Background Sudan ranks 27th globally in stroke‐related deaths, with an age‐adjusted death rate of 136.47 per 100,000 people. Adequate knowledge among the population, particularly during times of conflict, can improve stroke outcomes. Objectives To assess the Sudanese pop...

Recurrent catamenial pneumothorax initially misdiagnosed as gallbladder disease requiring escalated surgical management: a case report

Catamenial pneumothorax is an uncommon manifestation of thoracic endometriosis syndrome, characterized by recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax occurring in synchronization with the menstrual cycle. It is frequently underdiagnosed due to atypical presentations and insufficient clini...

Clinical presentations, complications, and outcomes of benoxinate topical ophthalmic anesthetic abuse: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Background Topical anesthetic abuse is a concerning ophthalmic morbidity that may lead to irreversible visual loss. The primary goal of this study was to compare the clinical presentations, complications, healing duration and visual acuity changes between topical ophthal...

Genome-wide identification and characterization of the galactinol synthase (GmGolS) gene family and its expression under drought, heat, and combined stress in soybean

Abstract Galactinol synthase (GolS) catalyzes the first committed step in raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO) biosynthesis and is implicated in plant adaptation to abiotic stress. Although GolS gene families have been characterized in several plant species, a comprehensive gen...

Are childhood diseases associated with Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization? – Results from an observational study

Abstract Objective This observational study aimed to investigate the potential association between reported childhood diseases and medications during early infancy and the later appearance of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Materials and methods As part of a prospectively...

The silent pandemic: the overlooked toll of stroke compared to COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic will be remembered as one of the defining health crises of the modern era. The World Health Organization reported approximately 7 million deaths attributed to COVID-19 globall...

Optimal load frequency control and automatic voltage regulation in four-area interconnected power systems using FOPD-FOPIDD2 controller design with energy valley optimizer

Abstract Existing interconnected power systems (IPSs) are facing increasing challenges due to the expansion of industrial and residential sectors, alongside the integration of renewable energy sources, which result in significant fluctuations in frequency, voltage, and tie-line p...

Geopolitical risk and accounting conservatism: does financial reporting opacity matter? Evidence from an emerging market

As global markets increasingly navigate extreme external shocks, understanding how macroeconomic turbulence reshapes corporate financial reporting strategies remains a critical challenge for stakeholders. This study investigates the empirical relationship between macro-level geop...

Hydrodynamic and ecological modeling for water quality assessment in Lake Qaroun, Egypt

Lake Qaroun is a closed saline lake located in Fayoum Depression in Egypt. The lake is primarily supplied by an extensive agricultural drainage network, This study presents an integrated hydrodynamic, contaminant transport, and ecological modeling framework to assess the environm...

Dietary dose-dependent effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on growth, immunity, antioxidant status, and hepatic integrity in Nile tilapia

Abstract The increasing demand for sustainable alternatives to in-feed antibiotics has stimulated interest in phytogenic feed additives. This study investigated the dose-dependent effects of dietary Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBLE: 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 g/kg diet) in Nile tilapia...

Surgeons and Experts’ Perspectives in Concomitant Bariatric Surgery with Cholecystectomy: Bari-Chole Egypt Survey

INTRODUCTION: The management of gallbladder disease during metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) remains controversial. Cholelithiasis is common in patients with obesity, yet the approach to concomitant or prophylactic cholecystectomy varies, with limited data from Egypt. This st...

An ensemble machine learning approach for measuring and predicting formwork labor productivity

Abstract The construction industry is a major driver of innovation and economic growth. A key factor in this growth is the continuous focus on improving labor productivity, which directly impacts project timelines and costs. Maximizing labor productivity is crucial for overcoming...

Artificial Intelligence in the Comparative Interpretation of Ultrasound and MRI DICOM Data for Endometriosis: A Commentary on Current Evidence, Interoperability Barriers and Research Priorities

Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are both used, often in the same patient, to evaluate suspected endometriosis, and comparative diagnostic-accuracy studies indicate that the two modalities capture partly complementary information rather t...

Interface‐Induced Growth of Macroscopic, Free‐Standing, and Flexible Monolithic Pure MOF Membrane With Adaptive Porosity

ABSTRACT Membrane‐based separation technologies have emerged as energy‐efficient and environmentally sustainable alternatives to traditional industrial separation processes. However, the development of high‐performance separation membranes faces fundamental material challenges, a...

Interface‐Induced Growth of Macroscopic, Free‐Standing, and Flexible Monolithic Pure MOF Membrane With Adaptive Porosity

ABSTRACT Membrane‐based separation technologies have emerged as energy‐efficient and environmentally sustainable alternatives to traditional industrial separation processes. However, the development of high‐performance separation membranes faces fundamental material challenges, a...

Comparative effectiveness of statins, metformin, and vitamin D, for prevention of preeclampsia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials

Abstract Background Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet effective pharmacological preventive strategies remain uncertain. Statins, metformin, and vitamin D, alone or combined with omega-3, have been investigated for pote...

Ovarian Cyst Fluid as a Resource for Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker Discovery in Ovarian Lesions

Background/Objectives: Differentiating benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian cystic lesions before surgery remains challenging, and many women undergo operations for lesions that prove benign. Most cystic lesions contain fluid that lies in direct contact with the lesion and f...