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A local, generally covariant field theory of modified inertia

v7 (2026-08-09): the modified-gravity arm is COMPLETED as AeST and this kernel embeds in it, turning v6's 21.2-sigma lensing exclusion into 0.601 sigma with gamma_PPN = 1. A bounded (DBI-type) K(Q) dissolves Blanchet & Skordis 2024's published 455x no-go, with a theorem: for any...

The modified-gravity arm: a Bekenstein-Milgrom field theory for a_0 = kappa c sqrt(G rho_Lambda)

This paper switches the framework's operative arm from modified INERTIA to modified GRAVITY, and says why in its first section rather than its last. WHY THE SWITCH. In modified inertia the metric is unmodified and baryon-sourced -- not incidentally but by requirement, since the w...

The modified-gravity arm: a Bekenstein-Milgrom field theory for a_0 = kappa c sqrt(G rho_Lambda)

This paper switches the framework's operative arm from modified INERTIA to modified GRAVITY, and says why in its first section rather than its last. WHY THE SWITCH. In modified inertia the metric is unmodified and baryon-sourced -- not incidentally but by requirement, since the w...

A local, generally covariant field theory of modified inertia

VERSION 6: the paper now carries its own most serious limitation, and it is a NEGATIVE result about the construction's STATUS. TAKEN AS A FUNDAMENTAL THEORY, THIS CONSTRUCTION PREDICTS THAT GRAVITATIONAL LENSING TRACES THE BARYONIC MASS ALONE -- AND THAT IS EXCLUDED AT ~21 SIGMA....

A local, generally covariant field theory of modified inertia

v7 (2026-08-09): the modified-gravity arm is COMPLETED as AeST and this kernel embeds in it, turning v6's 21.2-sigma lensing exclusion into 0.601 sigma with gamma_PPN = 1. A bounded (DBI-type) K(Q) dissolves Blanchet & Skordis 2024's published 455x no-go, with a theorem: for any...

Inertia from the de Sitter vacuum: a guide for cosmologists and astrophysicists

An expository guide, ~5,700 words, assuming general relativity and Lambda-CDM and nothing about the framework it describes. Written to be readable in an hour by a professionally sceptical reader, and structured so that the reasons to DISBELIEVE it are as easy to find as the reaso...

A local, generally covariant field theory of modified inertia

VERSION 5: the paper now states its own FALSIFICATION TEST, with the power computed BEFORE the data -- and the honest headline is that the test is ASYMMETRIC. SAID FIRST, because it bounds everything that follows: the wide-binary prediction is NOT derived from this paper's steps...

Inertia from the de Sitter vacuum: a guide for cosmologists and astrophysicists

An expository guide, ~5,700 words, assuming general relativity and Lambda-CDM and nothing about the framework it describes. Written to be readable in an hour by a professionally sceptical reader, and structured so that the reasons to DISBELIEVE it are as easy to find as the reaso...

A causal variational worldline action for modified inertia: the rapidity gap

Preprint. This deposit exists to timestamp a construction and to carry its reproducibility scripts; it is not a journal publication. The result, in one line. The object that supplies the proper-acceleration magnitude |a| to a worldline action, without the (v/c)2 suppression that...

A local, generally covariant field theory of modified inertia

VERSION 3: the static nonlinearity of the delta sector -- v2's sharpest named gap -- is CLOSED, and it closes by a PARITY THEOREM. K IS ODD IN π TO ALL ORDERS. For a static khronon T = t + π(x) the unit normal is nμ = (1/w, −∂iπ/w) with w = √(1−(∂π)2). Under π → −π the normalisat...

A causal variational worldline action for modified inertia: the rapidity gap

VERSION 3 CHANGES. The substantive one CORRECTS both earlier versions. (1) The circular-orbit relation was wrong. v1 and v2 both asserted that on a circular orbit |a| is constant and so the acceleration dependence contributes no additional radial force. It does: ahat = a/|a| ROTA...

Why the de Sitter vacuum cannot fix the MOND acceleration scale: the required moment is the pole of the Riemann zeta function

Preprint. This deposit exists to timestamp a NO-GO result and to carry its reproducibility scripts; it is not a journal publication. It does NOT derive the MOND coefficient and is not a partial derivation -- it closes routes. The result in one line. In a modified-inertia worldlin...

A local, generally covariant field theory of modified inertia

VERSION 2: the strong-coupling scale -- v1's sharpest named risk -- is COMPUTED, and it does NOT threaten the phenomenology. Restoring the khronon fluctuation T = t + π gives ln N = −πdot + πdot2/2 + (∂π)2/2, so ai = −∂iπdot and Kij = −∂i∂jπ. At λ = ξ = 1, η = 0 the khronon actio...

A causal variational worldline action for modified inertia: the rapidity gap

VERSION 5: the construction is now stated in ONE LINE as the paper's opening display. S = −mc2 ∫ [ μ(Θ) dτ + (1 − μ(Θ)) dt ] , Θ(τ) = ∫0∞ ds K(s) cosh−1( −u(τ)·u(τ−s)/c2 ) with dτ the proper time and dt the PREFERRED-FRAME (cosmological) time. This is not a new result — it is alg...

A local, generally covariant field theory of modified inertia

Preprint. This deposit exists to timestamp a construction and to carry its reproducibility scripts; it is not a journal publication. It completes the worldline action of DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21845411 into a LOCAL, GENERALLY COVARIANT field theory with three healthy propagating mode...

A local, generally covariant field theory of modified inertia

VERSION 4: a FACTUAL CORRECTION, found by auditing this paper against the author's own frozen Gaia DR4 pre-registration, and made rather than left standing. Versions 1-3 stated that μ's shape is "the α = 2 interpolation that solar-system ephemerides force". THAT IS FALSE. α = 2 m...

Linear Response of the de Sitter Vacuum to Accelerated Matter: A Kubo-Formalism Proof that MOND Requires Non-Equilibrium Physics

Recent attempts to derive Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) and its characteristic acceleration scale a0 rely on the interaction between accelerated matter and the cosmological horizon. A persistent conjecture is that the vacuum response in de Sitter spacetime modifies inertia a...

Linear Response of the de Sitter Vacuum to Accelerated Matter: A Kubo-Formalism Proof that MOND Requires Non-Equilibrium Physics

Recent attempts to derive Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) and its characteristic acceleration scale a0 rely on the interaction between accelerated matter and the cosmological horizon. A persistent conjecture is that the vacuum response in de Sitter spacetime modifies inertia a...

What Can and Cannot Fix the MOND Acceleration Coefficient: a Relabelling Theorem, Three Failed Derivations, and a Redshift Discriminant

The MOND acceleration scale is numerically close to c H_Lambda, and the proposal that it is SET by the cosmological constant dates to Milgrom (1994, 1999). The relation's FORM is established; its dimensionless O(1) COEFFICIENT is not derived by any published argument, and the liv...

Two Barriers to the MOND Acceleration Coefficient: the de Sitter-Unruh Balance Is Orbital-Invariant at a0 = 2 c H_Lambda, and Rotation-Curve Determinations of a0 Are Definition-Limited at 30%

The MOND acceleration scale a0 is numerically close to c H_Lambda, and several authors have proposed that it is set by the cosmological constant. The relation's form is established (Milgrom 1994, 1999, 2020); its dimensionless O(1) coefficient is not derived by any published argu...