Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research

A comprehensive review of guava production and regional distribution in India

Guava stands as a cornerstone of global horticulture, renowned for its adaptability, nutritional richness, and economic significance. Enhancing its productivity and nutritional quality will not only benefit millions of farmers and consumers but also reinforce guava’s vital role i...

Diagnostic accuracy of high-risk HPV DNA and cytology in diagnosing precancerous and early malignant cervical lesions: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Persistent infection with high-risk hr-HPV is a major cause in the aetiopathogenesis of cervical cancer. Early detection by screening is the best strategy for prevention. Two major screening techniques hr-HPV DNA and Pap smear, target the disease condition at two different timepo...

A Template-Free Strategy for Lightweight and Compressible rGO/PVDF-HFP Sponge for Absorption-Dominated Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

The growing demand for lightweight materials with efficient electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption capabilities has become critical for next-generation aerospace and electronic applications. In this study, for the first time, three-dimensional (3D) reduced graphene oxide/poly(vinyl...

A chimeric circumsporozoite protein exhibits strong seroreactivity in plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax infections

Malaria remains a major global health challenge, demanding new strategies for effective and broad-spectrum vaccine development. Circumsporozoite Protein (CSP) is the primary target of pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccines such as RTS, S/AS01 and R21/Matrix-M, though their species-spe...

Prevalence and Determinants of Never Treatment During Mass Drug Administration for Lymphatic Filariasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives: The term “never treated” refers to individuals who self-report having never ingested tablets during any round of Mass Drug Administration (MDA) against Lymphatic Filariasis (LF). This study estimated the pooled prevalence of never-treated individuals with MDA for LF a...

Phloem protein 2 (PP2) regulates phloem-based defense against apple scar skin viroid and cucumber mosaic virus

The phloem protein 2 (PP2), one of the major phloem proteins, is known to be involved in the transport of nutrients, RNA, and defense; however, the molecular basis of its RNA-binding activity and its role in antiviral defense remain poorly understood. In the present study, we inv...

TKL3 regulates blood-stage fitness, male gamete fertility, and transmission-stage development in Plasmodium berghei

Malaria parasites must undergo complex developmental transitions to complete their life cycle and transmit between vertebrate and mosquito hosts. These transitions are tightly regulated by protein phosphorylation events, yet the specific kinases involved remain poorly characteriz...

EnT-Mediated Imino-Sulfonylation of Methylenecyclopropanes Using Bifunctional N -Sulfonyl Imines: Access to β-Amino Sulfone Derivatives

Abstract Herein, we present a visible light-driven difunctionalization strategy for the efficient synthesis of β-amino sulfone derivatives from methylenecyclopropanes and N-sulfonyl imines under mild conditions. The process involves an energy transfer (EnT)-mediated pathway, wher...

Reprogramming the Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Therapy via Nanocatalytic Medicine

Abstract Cancer is one of the leading global health crises in the 21st century, accounting for nearly one in six deaths worldwide. Conventional treatment modalities, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, remain insufficient and are frequently sabotaged...

Expression dynamics of DNA methylation machinery during ethephon-induced sex-conversion in Cannabis sativa: an in silico genome-wide analysis

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism involved in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental cues. Although Cannabis sativa exhibits notable floral sex plasticity and ethylene-induced feminization has significant agricultural importance, the DNA meth...

Glucose-dependent regulation of hepatic adipsin controls glucose uptake and tolerance

Complement factor D, also known as adipsin, is produced by adipose tissue, and the liver that links metabolic regulation with innate immunity. Despite its established systemic functions, the regulation of hepatic adipsin expression and its contribution to metabolic disease remain...

A Small Molecule Substrate Mimic to Inhibit Bacterial Hsp70 Chaperone Function

Given the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance worldwide, it is imperative to develop new strategies against pathogenic bacteria. Here, we report a small‐molecule inhibitor of bacterial heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), called DnaK, a central component of the bacterial protein chap...

Epidemiological insights of hand, foot, and mouth disease: outbreak of Coxsackievirus A16 in Northern India

Background Hand-and-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is an important epidemiological problem in Asia with global dissemination potential. The causative agents are Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), Enterovirus -71 (EV-A71), and related serogroups, which mainly affects children <10 years. S...

Phage treatment reduces multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms and sewage pseudomonads

Untreated wastewater can retain antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, yet phage performance is inferred from simplified host systems. We evaluated genome-resolved lytic phage ɸPRS-1 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in planktonic and single-strain biofilm assays, wastewater-derived...

Women’s lived experiences of the built environment and maternal psychosocial well-being in urban slums and slum rehabilitation colonies: a qualitative study in Bhopal, India

BACKGROUND: Nearly half of India's urban population lives in informal settlements, facing substandard living conditions due to overcrowding, poor infrastructure, and limited access to basic amenities. These conditions critically affect the psychosocial well-being of mothers, yet...

Assessment of the coverage, use rate and physical integrity of long-lasting insecticide nets after scaling up of their distribution in Gujarat, India

Abstract Background Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) are a key tool for control and elimination of malaria, by providing protection from the bite of infected mosquitoes. To support its malaria elimination goal by 2030, Gujarat distributed LLINs across 33 districts in 2019....

Influence of chlorophyll-a and environmental drivers on fish landings along the west coast of India

Fish landings along the west coast of India account for ~ 65% of the country’s total marine catch, with regional contrasts. This study investigated how fish landings relate to chlorophyll-a and key environmental drivers including sea surface temperature (SST), wind velocity, and...

Preparation of ternary MnO2/Hydroxyapatite/ZIF-67 composite framework incorporating hydroxyapatite, MnO2 nanoflower and zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIF-67) for enhanced adsorptive elimination of Congo red dye

Currently industrial activities produce a large amount of wastewater polluted with harmful dyes are endangering human health and aquatic ecosystems and requiring efficient treatment methods. In this context, a novel MnO 2 /Hydroxyapatite/ZIF-67 composite framework was developed b...

A self-assembled peptide forms α-helical nanopores for ultrasensitive biomarker profiling

α-Helical nanopores are attractive molecular sensors, yet their rational design and assembly remain challenging. Here we show that the single peptide pPorA, derived from porin PorACj, self-assembles into flexible α-helical nanopores, inserts in lipid membranes and exists in disti...

Latent tuberculosis infection shapes gut microbiome and immune-metabolic interactions in people living with HIV

The silent presence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) increases the annual risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation by 3%–16%. Although gut dysbiosis is well documented in HIV, microbiome alterations associated with LTBI in PLHIV remain poorl...