Research works

Operationalization Template for GTCS-Informed Safety Evaluation

This technical specification provides a target-specific measurement architecture for GTCS-informed AI-safety evaluation. Its central methodological boundary is strict: formal target, observation, proxy, estimator, validation result, and protocol decision are different objects. A...

Cognitive-Continuity Safety Protocol for Persistent and Self-Influencing Artificial Cognitive Systems

This document defines a conditional technical safety protocol for persistent or self-influencing artificial cognitive deployments in which memory, structural change, continuity-sensitive decisions, or oversight relations become governance-relevant safety objects. The protocol is...

Hydrogen technology pathways in metropolitan energy systems: An application to Montréal

Low-carbon hydrogen is increasingly considered a key option for decarbonizing hard-to-abate sectors, yet most transition analyses are conducted at national or global scales, with limited attention to metropolitan energy systems where climate policies are implemented. This paper e...

Arabidopsis TITAN-LIKE is required for U12-type intron splicing, especially of AT-AC subtypes.

Many eukaryotes possess two types of spliceosomes: the U2-dependent and U12-dependent spliceosomes. The U2-dependent spliceosome processes >99% of all introns, whereas the U12-dependent spliceosome acts on only ~0.3% of introns, one-third of which start with AT and end with AC, w...

Retinal and choroidal morphometric analysis in fellow eye of unilateral wet age related macular degeneration using optical coherence tomography angiography

Abstract Background : Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) when associated with macular neovascularization can cause severe visual morbidity. This study aims to evaluate the retinal and choroidal microvascular alterations using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in...

The Steklov Spectrum of Convex Polygonal Domains II: Investigating Spectral Determination

Abstract The extent to which the geometry of an object is determined by some associated spectral data is a longstanding problem. We investigate this problem in the context of the Steklov spectrum, focusing on convex polygons. We prove that almost all triangles are uniquely determ...

To take back value: critique as protocol design

What can it mean to inherit the tradition of a critical international lawyer in a time when legal form is increasingly entangled with code, infrastructure, and automation? This article explores this questions by tracing a shift from critique as judgment to critique as practice, a...

Why some cities feel inclusive: The city ethos model of institutions and population-rootedness in European cities

How do cities sustain inclusive coexistence under conditions of diversity and demographic mobility? This article shifts the analytical focus to city-level inclusiveness, understood as a property of the city’s institutional-normative order rather than of interpersonal relations. B...

Understanding community knowledge, attitudes and practices related to participation in household transmission investigations during infectious disease outbreaks

Abstract Background The World Health Organization has developed several global template protocols for epidemiological investigations, including for household transmission investigations (HHTIs). These investigations facilitate rapid characterisation of novel or re-emerging respir...

Performance of vision-language models compared with 252 medical students on text-only and image-based dermatology examinations

Abstract Vision–language models (VLMs) are increasingly evaluated in medical education, yet their performance on visually intensive assessments remains incompletely understood. We compared four state-of-the-art VLMs (ChatGPT-4o, ChatGPT-5, Gemini 2.5 Flash, and Gemini 3 Pro) with...

From representation to foresight? How 3D urban simulations and deep learning are reshaping theoretical and quantitative geography

The advent of high-resolution 3D urban simulations and transformative deep learning (DL) architectures is precipitating a paradigm shift in theoretical and quantitative geography (TQG). The field lacks a comprehensive synthesis examining how these tools are reconfiguring spatial...

AI dependency and its relationships with anxiety, quality of life, and digital stress

Abstract Background The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into higher education has accelerated, yet little is known about the psychological mechanisms underlying students’ reliance on AI. This study conceptualizes AI dependency as a complex cognitive–motivational const...

Constitutional Self-Governance for Autonomous AI Agents: A Framework Observed in 85 Days of Production

As organizations deploy autonomous AI agent systems, a critical governance gap has emerged. Current approaches govern agent permissions — identity, access control, audit logging — but not agent behavior. We term this the "WHO vs. HOW" gap. This paper presents Constitutional Self-...

Corporate digital transformation, ESG performance and carbon emissions

This study selects data from A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2023 as a sample to empirically examine the impact of corporate digital transformation on carbon emissions and ESG performance's intermediary function. According to the study, corporate digital transformation can...

Amygdala shows heterogeneous atrophy and tauopathy patterns across the AD continuum

Abstract Background Amygdala shows early vulnerability in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), although its substructures have been less studied than hippocampal subfields. Neuropathological evidence suggests that tau pathology affects amygdala subnuclei differentially, yet in vivo characte...

A Bayesian refinement method incorporating geometric prior and LLM-guided hyperprior for measurement-grade overhang analysis in X-ray electrode inspection

Accurate electrode instance identification from X-ray images is essential for reliable overhang analysis in lithium-ion battery electrode inspection. However, industrial X-ray radiographs often exhibit blurred edges, contrast attenuation, and structural occlusions caused by layer...

Deep learning statistical defect models on magnetic material dynamic and static properties

The modelling of realistic magnetic materials requires the inclusion of defects. Based on the pseudospectral Landau-Lifshitz description of magnetisation dynamics, we propose a statistical model that takes into account defects, specifically vacancies. This statistical model can b...

Het-node2vec: second-order random walk sampling for heterogeneous graph embedding

Abstract Many real-world problems are naturally modeled as heterogeneous graphs, where nodes and edges represent multiple types of entities and relations. Existing learning models for heterogeneous graph representation usually depend on the computation of specific, user-defined h...

Multilingual large language models do not comprehend all natural languages to equal degrees

Abstract Large Language Models (LLMs) play a critical role in how humans access information. While their core functionality relies on the ability to comprehend written requests, our understanding of this ability is currently constrained, because most benchmarks evaluate LLMs in h...

AI‐Based Regional Emulation for Kilometer‐Scale Dynamical Downscaling

Abstract An AI‐based Limited‐Area Model (LAM) is developed for dynamical downscaling over the Southern Great Plains and the southeastern United States, with strong generalization abilities under diverse boundary conditions. The model is trained using 0.25, 3‐hourly ERA5 as forcin...