Research works

Machine learning in directed energy deposition: A systematic literature review

Among metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes, directed energy deposition (DED) is a versatile route for fabricating, repairing, and coating large components. Advances in machine learning (ML) are reshaping DED via real-time monitoring, predictive modeling, and adaptive contr...

Comprehensive inter-comparison of generative AI models for super-resolution precipitation downscaling across hydroclimatic regimes

Abstract. High-resolution precipitation information is essential for hydrologic modeling, flood forecasting, and climate-risk assessment, yet global weather and climate models operate at spatial resolutions too coarse to resolve storm structure, intermittency, and extremes. Deep-...

Counteraction of HMGB1 at ss-dsDNA junctions maintains liquidity of protamine-DNA co-condensates

In the sperm nucleus, protamine replaces histones to mediate extreme DNA compaction. The histone-to-protamine transition involves the occurrence of double-strand breaks, and is facilitated by transition proteins including those containing high-mobility-group (HMG) boxes. Here we...

An Enhanced Projection Pursuit Tree Classifier with Visual Methods for Assessing Algorithmic Improvements

This paper presents enhancements to the projection pursuit tree classifier and visual diagnostic methods for assessing their impact in high dimensions. The original algorithm uses linear combinations of variables in a tree structure where depth is constrained to be less than the...

Digital twin platform for accelerating optimization of oxide semiconductor transistors to overcome fundamental performance-reliability trade-off

<title>Abstract</title> Amorphous oxide semiconductor (AOS) transistors are promising candidates for nextgeneration logic and high-density memory technologies, particularly for back-end-of-line– compatible monolithic three-dimensional integration. However, their widespread adopti...

Improving calibration accuracy with torque coupled gravity field calibrator for sub-Hz gravitational wave observation in CHRONOS

Abstract A fundamental challenge in low-frequency gravitational-wave detectors is the limited signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of calibration lines, particularly in torsion-bar systems where the response is governed by rotational dynamics. In this work, we resolve this issue by optimi...

Misquoted No More: Securely Extracting F* Programs with IO

Shallow embeddings that use monads to represent effects are popular in proof-oriented languages because they are convenient for formal verification. Once shallowly embedded programs are verified, they are often extracted to mainstream languages like OCaml or C and linked into lar...

Machine-Generated, Machine-Checked Proofs for a Verified Compiler (Experience Report)

We report on using an agentic coding assistant (Claude Code, powered by Claude Opus 4.6) to mechanize a substantial Rocq correctness proof from scratch, with human guidance but without any human-authored proof code. The proof establishes semantic preservation for the administrati...

Programmable Property-Based Testing

Property-based testing (PBT) is a popular technique for establishing confidence in software, where users write properties---i.e. executable specifications--that can be checked many times in a loop by a testing framework. In modern PBT frameworks, properties are usually written in...

Confluence Techniques for Dependent Type Theory with Typed Conversion

In the meta-theoretic study of dependent type theory, confluence techniques are powerful tools for establishing the properties required when proving correctness of implementations. Unfortunately, such techniques have historically mostly been studied for type theories with untyped...

Programming Backpropagation with Reverse Handlers for Arrows

We introduce a new programming language and its categorical semantics in order to design and implement neural networks within the framework of algebraic effects and handlers for arrows. Our language enables us to construct neural networks symbolically, in the same manner as algeb...

Combined metabolomics and microbiota analysis reveals the therapeutic effect of indole-3-propionic acid on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis

<title>Abstract</title> Background Osteoporosis is a process of bone tissue destruction jointly caused by chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), as a metabolic molecule of the gut microbiota, exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties....

Non-local physics-informed neural networks for forward and inverse solutions of granular flows

Abstract Dense granular flows exhibit nonlocal effects due to stress transmission in microplastic events, especially in quasi-static or slowly sheared regions. Hence, traditional local rheological models fail to capture spatial cooperativity effects that are prominent in many gra...

Multiple introductions of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses into the High Arctic: Svalbard and Jan Mayen, 2022–2025

Abstract Between 2022 and 2025, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of clade 2.3.4.4b, including four distinct H5 Eurasian (EA) genotypes, were detected in wild birds and mammals in the Svalbard Archipelago and on the island of Jan Mayen. We describe their epidemio...

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Private information leakage from polygenic risk scores

Abstract Polygenic Risk Scores (PRSs) estimate the likelihood of individuals to develop complex diseases based on their genetic variations. While their use in clinical practice and direct-to-consumer genetic testing is growing, the privacy implications of publicly sharing PRS val...

Genome-Wide Association Study of Corneal Dystrophy Uncovers Novel Risk Loci and Enables Improved Polygenic Prediction of Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy

Abstract Objective To identify risk loci for Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and improve a genetic risk prediction model. Design Genome–wide association study (GWAS), polygenic risk score (PRS) construction, and TCF4 CTG18.1 short tandem repeat (STR) length inference....

Limits on marine carbon dioxide removal potential set by coastal air-sea gas exchange rates

<title>Abstract</title> Marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) has attracted significant interest as a strategy to mitigate rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil fuel burning in order to combat climate change, where a key variable is the gas transfer velocity (k), con...

Forecasting commencing enrolments under data sparsity: a zero-shot time series foundation models framework for higher education planning

Effective resource allocation in higher education depends on reliable enrolment forecasts, yet institutional planners frequently face data series disrupted by structural shifts. This paper investigates whether zero-shot Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) can provide rigorous d...

Influence of spatial connectivity on the spread of Mpox in Maï-Ndombe province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2025

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background</bold> The spread of Mpox in the DRC is strongly influenced by human mobility in a context of environmental constraints and inequalities in accessibility. The province of Maï-Ndombe, with its fragmented transport network and dependence on...