Research works

Clusters of out-of-home care trajectories and precarious school-to-work transitions: A Norwegian national register study

BACKGROUND: Trajectories through child protection services involving out-of-home care (OHC) are diverse, yet studies of OHC and school-to-work transitions often overlook this heterogeneity. METHODS: Using monthly records for three complete Norwegian birth cohorts (1994-1996; N =...

Transposable element-host genome evolutionary arms race revealed by multi-modal epigenomic profiling in a telomere-to-telomere human genome reference

ABSTRACT For a quarter of a century transposable elements have been recognized as a major component of the human genome, comprising 46.1% according to recent estimates, and as key drivers of regulatory innovation as well as participants in an ongoing evolutionary arms race with h...

All-trans retinoic acid suppresses CD8+ T-cell terminal exhaustion and potentiates anti-PD-1 therapy in glioblastoma

Terminal exhaustion of CD8⁺ T cells limits the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), particularly in glioblastoma, which is characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Therefore, a better understanding of the regulators of terminal exhaustion could overc...

Understanding the resistance to trauma-informed care: The emotional, relational and ideological challenges of shifting power dynamics in child and youth residential care

BACKGROUND: Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a relational approach emphasizing safety, attunement, and collaboration. In child and youth residential care, this orientation sits in tension with longstanding compliance-oriented approaches that rely on rigid systems of incentives and c...

Tunable asymmetric swimming in biflagellate microswimmers

Many biological microswimmers can modulate their swimming gait to achieve directional control of motility, especially when performing steering towards specific directional cues. This can be achieved without the need for obvious morphological or structural asymmetries in the form...

Turns and downturns in aging drivers

As cognitive decline progresses, older adults may self-regulate their driving. Avoidance of left turns across traffic is observable in naturalistic driving data but rarely self-reported. We studied 106 older adults using baseline and one-year follow-up neuropsychological assessme...

Full-covariance chemical Langevin predator–prey diffusion with absorbing boundaries

Abstract Many stochastic predator–prey models introduce independent diagonal noise at the stochastic level. Such formulations are useful phenomenological models, but they do not explicitly encode the event-level coupling created by predation and biomass conversion. We derive an a...

Do sea lions fall silent when fish have something to say?

Abstract Coastal soundscapes are complex systems composed of many biological sounds, among which fish often play a central role. Marine mammal vocalizations can also contribute substantially, either when animals pass through an area or because their loud calls can be heard from o...

Mitochondrial ribosome content as a proxy for respiration

Quantifying cellular activities remains a major challenge across fields ranging from microbial ecology to biotechnology and biomedical sciences. Building on the well-established linear relationship between growth rate and ribosome content-the so-called microbial growth law-this s...

Unveiling non-Hermitian band structures with non-Bloch supercells

Abstract Real-valued band structures underpin the analysis of periodic Hermitian systems and are well established experimentally. By contrast, non-Hermitian systems feature complex band structures, in which energy and momentum acquire imaginary parts, enabling phenomena that defy...

From bird viremia to bird surveillance: identifiability in a multi-scale vector-borne model of Usutu virus infection

Abstract Usutu virus is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus, maintained through an enzootic cycle involving wild birds and mosquitoes, with occasional spillover to humans. Understanding how interactions across these biological scales shape transmission dynamics is essential for...

Leveraging the salivary microbiome profile to stratify REM sleep behavior disorder and synucleinopathies

Abstract Few studies have explored noninvasive biomarkers of synucleinopathies, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), and rapid-eye-movement behavior disorder (RBD), a prodromal stage for these conditions. Human oral/salivary microbiomes are altered in PD, highlighting their potent...

JNK signaling regulates reproductive trade-offs after Plasmodium infection in the malaria mosquito

ABSTRACT Environmental stress can limit mammalian reproduction by affecting production of sexual steroid hormones. Here we reveal a similar mechanism in the malarial mosquito Anopheles gambiae : activation of the stress-sensitive c- J un N -terminal k inase, JNK, constrains repro...

A Cournot–Nash model for a coupled hydrogen and electricity market

Abstract We present a novel model of a coupled hydrogen and electricity market on the intraday time scale, where hydrogen gas is used as a storage device for the electric grid. Electricity is produced by renewable energy sources or by extracting hydrogen from a pipeline that is s...

How participatory climate information services assist farmers to uptake rice disease forecasts and manage diseases in advance: Evidence from Coastal Bangladesh

Rice yield reduction due to climate change-induced diseases is increasing which is of great concern for coastal farmers of Bangladesh. The development of participatory climate information services (CIS) based on farmers' needs could facilitate farmers to reduce these diseases by...

Deep learning aging marker from retinal images unveils sex-specific clinical and genetic signatures

Abstract Retinal fundus images offer a non-invasive window into systemic aging. Here, we fine-tune a foundation model (RETFound) to predict chronological age from color fundus images in 71,343 participants from the UK Biobank, achieving a mean absolute error of 2.85 years. The re...

A conserved small RNA-generating gene cluster undergoes sequence diversification and contributes to plant immunity

Abstract Small RNA-mediated gene silencing contributes to plant immunity. The secondary small interfering RNA (siRNA) pathway promotes defense by silencing target genes in invading fungal and oomycete pathogens. Many secondary siRNAs are derived from transcripts potentially encod...

Deep learning super-resolution of paediatric ultra-low-field MRI without paired high-field scans

ABSTRACT Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for diagnosis and neurodevelopmental research, but the high cost and infrastructure demands of high-field MRI limit its use to high-income settings. Ultra-low-field MRI scanners offer a more affordable and energy-effici...

Preprint of "Cobalt Oxidation State Controls Ir–CoOₓ Catalysts for Acidic Oxygen Evolution: From Model Surfaces to PEM Water Electrolyzers"

Water electrolysis is a key technology for sustainable hydrogen production, yet its efficiency in proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers is limited by the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the high cost of iridium-based catalysts. Combining Ir with Co and its oxi...

Preprint of "Cobalt Oxidation State Controls Ir–CoOₓ Catalysts for Acidic Oxygen Evolution: From Model Surfaces to PEM Water Electrolyzers"

Water electrolysis is a key technology for sustainable hydrogen production, yet its efficiency in proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers is limited by the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the high cost of iridium-based catalysts. Combining Ir with Co and its oxi...