Research works

Androgen receptor expression in triple-negative breast cancer: A retrospective cross-sectional study from South India

Background: Triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) lacks established hormonal targets, limiting therapeutic options. Androgen receptor (AR) expression has been proposed as a potential biomarker, though its clinicopathological relevance remains unclear. Aims and Objectives: This...

Two-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in pediatric empyema thoracis: A retrospective analysis from a tertiary care hospital

Background: Empyema thoracis is a serious pleural infection in children, most often arising as a complication of bacterial pneumonia. It contributes significantly to morbidity and, if inadequately treated, may result in irreversible pulmonary damage. Video-assisted thoracoscopic...

A cross-sectional study to estimate the role of scrotal and transrectal ultrasound in male infertility

Background: Male infertility accounts for nearly half of all infertility cases worldwide, and semen analysis alone cannot identify structural abnormalities in the male reproductive tract. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the role of scrotal and transrectal ultras...

Ultrasound-guided rectus sheath block versus transversus abdominis plane block for post-operative analgesia in laparoscopic hernia surgery – A prospective randomized double blind study

Background: Ultrasound (US)-guided rectus sheath (RS) block and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block are being utilized to achieve post-operative analgesia during midline and lower abdominal surgeries. Dilemma exists regarding the superiority of any specific block over the oth...

Association of serum magnesium and Vitamin D with glycated hemoglobin among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Low and middle-income countries have seen an increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in recent years. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) provides a measurement of body glycemic control for 2–3 months. Magnesium and Vitamin D have been shown to have a role...

Cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system remodeling during Ramadan fasting: A narrative review

Ramadan fasting is a unique form of intermittent fasting characterized by abstinence from food and fluids from dawn to sunset for approximately one lunar month. This practice induces alterations in circadian rhythm, metabolism, hemodynamics, and neurohumoral regulation, all of wh...

Clinical profile and short-term outcome of convulsive status epilepticus in children aged 1 month–12 years: A prospective observational study

Background: Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is a pediatric neurological emergency requiring urgent intervention. It may result from febrile illness, central nervous system infection, metabolic disturbances, or neurological disorders and may cause morbidity, mortality, and seq...

Rethinking access in difficult gallbladders: The small upper midline incision in high-risk patients

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard treatment for gallstone disease, but may not be feasible in patients with significant comorbidities, hostile abdomens, or contraindications to pneumoperitoneum. Aims and Objectives: This study evaluated outcomes of open cho...

Validation of the Mannheim peritonitis index as a prognostic tool in mortality and morbidity of peritonitis secondary to hollow viscus perforation

Background: Peritonitis due to hollow viscus perforation is a surgical emergency associated with high mortality. Early risk stratification is essential. The Mannheim peritonitis index (MPI) is a validated prognostic tool. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effe...

Effect of low-pressure vacuum suction versus high-pressure vacuum suction in decreasing post-operative axillary drainage and seroma formation following modified radical mastectomy using ultrasonic surgical device

Background: Prolonged post-operative wound drainage and subsequent seroma formation are common complications following mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Ultrasonic surgical devices (USDs) have improved outcomes, and suction drains are routinely used. This stu...

Occurrence and spectrum of cutaneous adverse drug reactions to anti-tubercular drugs among patients of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant tuberculosis-changing trends at a tertiary care center in central India

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a significant public health burden, particularly in resource-limited settings. Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT), though effective, is frequently associated with cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs), which can lead to treatment disc...

Predictive factors for clinical resolution and the impact of metabolic comorbidities in adult liver abscesses: A prospective study

Background: Percutaneous drainage has transformed hepatic abscess management, yet recovery trajectories remain heterogeneous. While procedural success is high, the pace of clinical resolution is dictated more by the host environment than by technical factors. Aims and Objectives:...

Estimation of level of serum cotinine: A simple, rapid and sensitive biomarker in cigarette smokers

Background: Cigarette smoking remains the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, serves as a reliable biomarker of tobacco exposure due to its longer half-life (18–20 h) compared to nicotine (2–3 h). Aims and Objective:...

Upholding integrity in scientific publishing: A call to authors

Scientific publishing thrives on trust, transparency, and adherence to established standards. For journals such as the Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, editorial guidelines are not mere formalities – they are the backbone of ethical scholarship and the assurance of quality for...

A Comparative study on the hemodynamic changes between King Vision Videolaryngoscope and Macintosh direct laryngoscope in orotracheal intubation under general anesthesia

Background: Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation (EI) can cause an increase in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure, which may be harmful in vulnerable patients. Video laryngoscopes such as the King Vision videolaryngoscope (KVVL) may reduce this response compared with the Maci...

Efficacy and safety of pioglitazone add-on to methotrexate therapy in plaque psoriasis patient – A randomised control open label study

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that impairs physical health and quality of life. Conventional therapies often yield variable responses, highlighting the need for adjunctive options. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy an...

Remimazolam: Bridging safety, stability, and recovery in contemporary anesthesia

Remimazolam is a novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine increasingly used in procedural sedation and general anesthesia. Designed as an ester-based analog of midazolam, it combines rapid onset and recovery with predictable metabolism by tissue esterases. Compared with convention...

Comparison of thoracic epidural analgesia versus transversus abdominis plane block for post-operative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomies

Background: A variety of regional analgesic techniques have found their use in laparoscopic surgeries in recent times. Introduced more than 100 years ago, thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) has evolved from a mere salvage option to a major analgesic technique. On the other hand, t...

Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the gallbladder: A case series and clinicopathological insights from a tertiary care hospital in Northeast India

Gallbladder neuroendocrine neoplasms (GB-NENs) are extremely rare, forming about 0.5% of all neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and roughly 2% of gallbladder malignancies. Their clinical presentation is often vague and mimics common conditions such as gallstones or adenocarcinoma, whic...

Study of peroperative complications and post-operative complications in laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair in Bundelkhand region

Background: Inguinal hernia remains a prevalent condition requiring surgical intervention, with laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair emerging as a widely accepted technique due to its advantages of faster recovery, reduced post-operative pain, and superior anat...