Research works

Antibiotic Choice for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children With Medical Complexity

BACKGROUND There are no guideline recommendations for antibiotic choice for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children with medical complexity (CMC). We compared broad- vs narrow-spectrum antibiotics in CMC hospitalized with nonsevere CAP. METHODS This cohort study was conduc...

Evolutionary patterns and adaptive strategies of deep-sea anemones

Genome and transcriptome sequencing data of deep-sea anemones.

The impact of health education intervention on knowledge, attitude, and practice of office workers about office ergonomics: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Ergonomics is fundamental to improving safety and efficiency in offices. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a health education intervention on office workers’ knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding ergonomics and to det...

A dental dilemma: bear teeth reveal a spatial gradient in age of primiparity, but temporal trends muddled when bears grew fast

Abstract Age of primiparity (AOP) in American black bears (Ursus americanus) is driven by nutrition. We estimated AOP from patterns of cementum annuli in female bear teeth (more than 16 000), which were collected from hunters in Minnesota, USA, over five decades. AOP was delayed...

Spatial genetic structure of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in Germany- results from the 4th German National Forest Inventory

Abstract In the course of the 4th German National Forest Inventory about 5,000 samples of Scots pine have been collected all over Germany. Analysis of 21 mitochondrial SNP markers on the collected samples allowed the detection of a clear spatial genetic structure separating North...

Do participant testimony videos make people more interested in taking part in a clinical trial? A randomised Study Within a Trial (SWAT), registration SWAT203

Abstract Background Potentially eligible participants do not always agree to take part in trials when approached, which makes recruitment more challenging, time-consuming, and costly. We conducted a Study Within a Trial (SWAT) to evaluate whether showing people brief video testim...

Digital health capacity building across health workforce and education sector in the WHO European region

Abstract Disparities in digital capacity building across countries highlight the need for global upskilling. This study examined digital health capacity building across policy, workforce, and pre-service education domains across 53 countries of the WHO Europe Region. This was a c...

Bite mechanics within the wolf lineage: feeding capabilities of Canis borjgali and Canis mosbachensis inferred by digital bite simulation

Abstract Genus Canis species plays a key role as predator in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the evolutionary history of these carnivorans is still not fully understood. To explore this topic, we studied the bite of two fossil close relatives of the modern grey wolf, Canis borjg...

Serological and transcriptomic response of African fruit bats to immune challenge with recombinant vaccines expressing Ebola or Nipah virus antigens

Abstract Bats are hosts to diverse zoonotic viruses which can cause high case fatality rates in humans. Since detecting viruses in bats is difficult, antibodies are often used for surveillance, though their significance remains unclear in the absence of in vivo immunological stud...

Developmental divergence in gene regulation underlies trophic innovation in Lake Victoria cichlids

Abstract The role of developmental shifts in the emergence of ecological diversity during adaptive radiation remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we investigate the developmental gene regulatory landscape of trophic innovation in the rapid adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes f...

Season-dependent phenological responses and implications for co-occurring plants and butterflies under climate anomalies and extreme weather events

Abstract Despite extensive work on climate-driven phenological shifts, research has focused primarily on early-season events, single metrics and gradual shifts in mean climate, limiting insights into phenological responses across the full annual cycle. Using a 17-year dataset (20...

Ecological responses of soil bacteria to rapid and slow temperature fluctuations

Abstract Fluctuating temperatures profoundly affect microorganisms’ coexistence, biogeographic distributions and responses to future climate change. However, how microorganisms respond to fluctuating temperatures with different frequencies in natural communities remains unknown....

Competing methods of divergence time estimation recover diverse evolutionary timescales

Abstract Molecular clocks convert evolutionary distances into geological times to infer time-scaled phylogenies. Methods differ in terms of fossil calibration strategy (node versus tip) and whether they use molecular and/or morphological data, but their relative performance remai...

The Portable Clinical Obligation: a patient-held, condition-agnostic registry for closing diagnostic follow-up loops worldwide

Across every health system studied, a substantial fraction of correctly-made diagnoses and correctly-written follow-up recommendations are never acted on. The detection succeeded; the linkage failed. Reported failure rates range from roughly a quarter to a half of actionable inci...

Nonlinear dispersive waves in the discrete modified KdV equation

Abstract In this paper, we study the nonlinear dispersive waves including the numerically observed rarefaction and dispersive shock waves in the discrete modified KdV equation which has widespread applications in plasma physics. In particular, we propose three distinct quasi-cont...

Balancing training load, rest and musculoskeletal injury risk: a mathematical modelling study in Thoroughbred racehorses

Abstract Musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) in Thoroughbred racehorses are a leading cause of death and premature retirement, and are heavily influenced by training practices. Greater distances of high-speed galloping accumulated during racing campaigns are associated with MSI. Bone...

Guided elastic waves informed material modelling of soft incompressible media

Abstract Identifying a universal material constitutive law which describes the mechanical response of rubber-like solids for all deformation fields and achievable extensions, is an outstanding challenge. Here, we propose to exploit the propagation of elastic waves and demonstrate...

Watanabe–Strogatz invariants in the Liouvillian dynamics of coupled phase oscillators via the Koopman framework

Abstract In dynamical systems, invariants, i.e. constants of motion conserved along the trajectory, play important roles in characterizing the system's dynamical behaviour. Recent applications of the Koopman operator framework to nonlinear dynamical systems have provided new insi...

Associations between urban form and urban multifunctionality: a comparative study

Abstract Cities are complex and dynamic systems that integrate social, ecological, and infrastructure domains. This study investigates and quantifies how urban forms are associated with multiple urban functions across these domains, and how these associations combine into positiv...

Dislocation dynamics on deformable surfaces

Abstract We develop a fully coupled theoretical description of dislocation dynamics on deformable crystalline surfaces, using continuum modelling and the amplitude-phase-field crystal (APFC) framework extended to curved geometries. We derive a general kinematic expression for dis...