A traffic safety resilience assessment incorporating conflict risk: application and comparison on two open roads with lateral interferences

Abstract

Lateral interferences on open roads cause conflicts and delays that dissipate at varying rates, implying that open roads have different risk-absorption capacities. This study develops a traffic safety resilience (TSR) framework combining crossing time-to-collision (CTTC) with time of normal operation recovery (TOR) to drone trajectories from two open roads with five types of lateral interference. Short-CTTC (≤ 2 s) was concentrated within ±20 m of the interference source for pedestrian crossings, pedestrian-lane occupation, and curb parking; rider-lane occupation and merging interactions were more dispersed. Speed recovery often continued after vehicles left the interaction region. The baseline macro-average TSR values were 0.259 for the urban street and 0.307 for the low-grade highway. Extending the recovery window narrowed this difference, indicating that the comparison depends on how recovery is defined. These indicators jointly enable micro-level TSR assessment of open roads with lateral interferences, offering a concise reference for risk absorption and recovery.