From incarceration to community: understanding the reintegration of formerly incarcerated juveniles in Ethiopia: a case study of Dessie City Administration

Abstract

Formerly incarcerated juveniles’ reintegration is a significant challenge that may expose children to recidivism. This study examined their reintegration experiences in Dessie using a qualitative approach and a case study design. Twenty participants were purposively selected, comprising 11 male formerly incarcerated juveniles as in-depth interviewees and 9 key informants (3 women and 6 men) from families, local leaders, and justice officials. Data were collected through in-depth and key informant interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed limited pre-release counselling and no structured post-release follow-up. Family emotional support, community acceptance, and employment facilitated reintegration, while stigma, fear of reoffending, economic hardship, negative labelling, weak institutional coordination, and limited job opportunities hindered it. Youths used both adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies, including community engagement and substance use. Sustainable reintegration requires family support, community acceptance, livelihood opportunities, and coordinated pre- and post-release services.