Structural Force of Elements in the Vacuum — Unified model: Constant across all 118 elements

Abstract

We present a systematic analysis of all 118 elements of the periodic table, evaluating the force each element exerts within the confined vacuum at a separation of 100 nm, using a unified model with universal constant k = 1.05 \times 10^{-24}\ \mathrm{m}^3 \cdot \mathrm{J}^{-1}. Results reveal a clear repeating pattern across the table: halogens show stronger responses while noble gases show weaker, stable values — determined by electronic structure, not physical state. Force strength arises from protons, electronic arrangement, and cohesive energy. The same constant applies to every element. These results are not the end — they are the beginning. You are invited to repeat measurements, compare at other distances, materials, and scales, to verify and extend this model.