Implementation of a Nonpharmacological Pain Management Bundle to Improve Postoperative Recovery Outcomes in the PACU

Abstract

Background: Postoperative pain following laparoscopic procedures can delay recovery and reduce patient satisfaction. Nonpharmacological methods (NPM) provide a low-risk adjunct to pain management. Purpose: This study examined the implementation of a standardized NPM bundle on postoperative pain, opioid utilization, and PACU length of stay among adults undergoing same-day laparoscopic procedures and evaluated bundle adherence. Methods: A pre–post quasi-experimental evaluation was conducted. The bundle included aromatherapy, music therapy, relaxation, positioning, heat/cold therapy, and early ambulation. Implementation included staff education and workflow integration. Results: Pain outcomes improved with reduced severe pain and increased low pain scores. Implementation fidelity was supported through the education of 25 PACU team members and 95% adherence to intervention implementation. Length of stay decreased from 85 to 68 minutes without increased opioid use. Conclusion: A nurse-led NPM bundle was associated with improved postoperative recovery outcomes.