High quality 3D integral compressive light field projection display

Abstract

We propose a 3D Integral Compressive Light Field (ICLF) display that extends the depth of field (DoF) and suppresses shear artifacts in conventional Integral Imaging systems. Conceptually, ICLF employs a lens array to optically magnify continuous yet physically shallow light field volumes—a principle fundamentally supported by an end-to-end differentiable optimization algorithm. Specifically, we construct a depth-continuous light field volume using multiple projection planes, enabling accurate 3D reconstruction across large depth ranges. To further enhance spatial resolution, a Multi-Frame Translational Decomposition (MFTD) approach is introduced, which synthesizes denser rays through sub-pixel shifted frames. These multi-plane and multi-frame content are jointly optimized by the end-to-end differentiable bidirectional ray tracing algorithm. A prototype 3D projection display was developed based on a 2 K high-speed projector and 5-frame MFTD. The proposed system enables high-quality 3D visualization over a DoF range of 50–500 mm, achieving an average PSNR of more than 30 dB within an approximately 20 ∘ viewing angle. The experimental results confirm that the proposed method effectively improves both display resolution and visual fidelity, indicating its promising potential for future 3D light field display applications.