PANCREATIC AND HEPATIC PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF SENNA TORA (L.) ROXB. SEED EXTRACT IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS: A COMPARATIVE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND RELATIVE ORGAN WEIGHT STUDY

Abstract

This study evaluated the organ-safety profile and hepato-pancreatic protective effects of Senna tora ethanol seed extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were allocated to experimental groups receiving 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg S. tora, with normal, diabetic, and metformin-treated controls. Relative organ weights and histopathological alterations were assessed following treatment. Liver relative weight remained comparable across groups, indicating no gross hepatomegaly or hepatic atrophy. In contrast, diabetic rats exhibited increased kidney relative weight, which was further and significantly elevated at 600 mg/kg (p < 0.05). Histologically, diabetes produced marked hepatic sinusoidal dilation, hepatocellular necrosis, pyknosis, pancreatic acinar necrosis, and islet degeneration. S. tora treatment progressively ameliorated these lesions, with 400–600 mg/kg demonstrating substantial architectural preservation. Overall, S. tora exhibited pronounced hepato-pancreatic protection, while 400 mg/kg emerged as the most favourable dose, balancing therapeutic efficacy with a superior renal safety profile