Bridging the Gap: Examining Acculturative Family Distancing and Its Association with Mental Well-Being in South Asian American Women in College

Abstract

Acculturative family distancing (AFD), characterized by communication gaps and cultural value differences between immigrant parents and their children, has been identified as a potential contributor to mental health disparities among Asian American populations. However, limited research has examined its role among South Asian Americans. This study aimed to assess the association between AFD and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and self-harm in this population. A cross-sectional, anonymous survey was administered to 673 South Asian female college students across the United States. Validated measures included the PHQ-9 for depression, GAD-7 for anxiety, and an adapted AFD scale focusing on communication. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to examine associations between AFD and mental health outcomes, adjusting for demographic factors. Higher AFD scores were significantly associated with increased depressive scores (β = 0.122, p<0.001), anxiety symptoms (β = 0.102, p<0.001), and greater odds of self-harm (OR = 1.064, p<0.001). These findings suggest that AFD represents a meaningful form of psychological disconnection that may increase vulnerability to mental health challenges. Interventions addressing emotional connection within families may be critical for improving mental health outcomes among South Asian American women.