Women's Mental Health Across Transitions: An Analysis of Intersection between Psychological Issues, Menstrual Issues and Social Support Systems

Abstract

Biological and social changes throughout life have a significant impact on women's mental health. The psychological aspects of mental health during critical stages are examined in this review, with particular attention to maternity leave, social support networks, menstrual health, and polycystic ovarian syndrome/disorder (PCOS/PCOD). In addition to physical changes, menstrual health also involves emotional experiences. Anxiety, depression, and a lower quality of life can result from stigma, hormonal changes, and pain. Chronic hormonal and metabolic changes brought on by PCOS/PCOD increase women's susceptibility to depression, body image problems, stress, and low self-esteem. Delays in diagnosis and a lack of social support frequently exacerbate this. Another crucial period for mental health is becoming a mother. Social expectations, workplace flexibility, and maternity leave policies can all have a significant impact on psychological outcomes. Stress, burnout, and mental health issues following childbirth are linked to inadequate maternity leave and inadequate organisational support. Support from friends, family, medical professionals, and community networks is crucial for lowering psychological distress and boosting resilience during these biological and social changes. The necessity of a biopsychosocial approach to comprehending women's mental health is emphasised in this review. It also emphasises the need for culturally relevant interventions, mental health screening, supportive workplace policies, and gender-sensitive healthcare. Combining these factors is essential for enhancing women's psychological health, functional results, and general quality of life.