The effects of nanoparticle usage as an additive into diesel-microwave-assisted corn oil biodiesel-oxygenated dibutyl maleate fuel mixtures on combustion, performance and emissions

Abstract

In the current research, the role of nanoparticles in microwave-assisted corn oil biodiesel–dibutyl maleate (DBM) blends was analyzed with respect to combustion behavior, engine performance, and emissions. A single-cylinder DI diesel engine was operated at 2200 rpm and 4.12, 9.61, 15.10, and 20.60 Nm. 60, 120, and 180 ppm nanoparticle were blended with D70MCB20DBM10 (70%diesel+20% microwave-assisted corn oil biodiesel +10% DBM). The findings revealed that close in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate traces were realized with fuel mixtures according to diesel, especially at high engine loads. A clear decrease in ignition delay was seen with the addition of the nanoparticle. It was also found that SFC decreased by 2.95% with D70MCB20DBM10QD180ppm according to D70MCB20DBM10 at 15.10 Nm. Thermal efficiency was raised by about 3.38% using D70MCB20DBM10QD180ppm according to D70MCB20DBM10 at 15.10 Nm. CD became shorter with the nanoparticle additive in fuel mixtures. In addition, a sharp increase was observed with the addition of nanoparticles into fuel blends on MPRR and RI. CO was reduced by 14.12% with D70MCB20DBM10QD180ppm according to D70MCB20DBM10, while hydrocarbon decreased by about 12.30% at full load. Otherwise, NOx increased 25.90% D70MCB20DBM10QD180ppm compared to D70MCB20DBM10 at 20.60 Nm. The integration of nanoparticles into the fuel mixtures led to a substantial decrease in soot emissions.