Physics & Spacepreprint2026-08-25

Theory of Coupled Entity Life: Redefining Life via Functional Coupling and Spatial Securing by Code and Execution Substrates

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Abstract

[Abstract]Conventional biology and cognitive science have long regarded a single living organism—characterized by its own metabolic system and an independent physical body—as the sole paradigm of life. Under this traditional framework, however, it is impossible to integrally explain the autonomous and adaptive operations exhibited by non-cellular structures such as the Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV), or informational structures including languages, concepts, and programs executed within computing platforms. Instead of defining life as an attribute of specific physical matter, this paper redefines life as a "systemic operational state" itself—a state that continuously manifests functional processes of interacting with the external environment, defined by three operational requirements: "Boundary Maintenance," "Internal-Origin Identification & Connection," and "Irreversible State Change." Furthermore, this paper decouples the constituents of systemic operations into "Code" and "Execution Substrate," proposing the concept of the "Coupled Entity"—a system wherein both constituents functionally couple to initiate systemic operations. On this basis, we structurally elucidate the dynamics of spatial securing within a coupled entity as both permanent spatial occupation through development and differentiation in integrated coupled entities, and effective control of control lines under dynamic equilibrium with resistance upon code attachment and introduction in external coupled entities. Finally, through analyses of TMV (biological) and linguistic concepts (informational), this paper reveals that diverse systemic changes—ranging from individual morphogenesis and bodily construction to host pathology and cognitive shifts—are inevitable "structural consequences" emerging as the coupled entity maintains and fixes its own operational state. While this paper systematizes the macroscopic dynamics of life as a whole, the axiomatic system and operational process defining the minimal single-cycle operational event for the aforementioned three requirements are formulated in the parallel paper, Theory of Functional Agency. The two papers have a complementary relationship, serving as the modeling of micro-level operational processes (Theory of Functional Agency) and the dynamic framework of macroscopic expansion (Theory of Coupled Entity Life), respectively. [Japanese Title]結合体生命論:記述と実行基盤の機能的結合と空間確保による生命の再定義 [Japanese Abstract]従来の生物学や認知科学は、自前の代謝系と独立した肉体を持つ単一の生体個体のみを生命の典型とみなしてきた。しかしこの枠組みでは、単体で代謝系を持たないウイルスや、脳内で保持される言語・概念、計算プラットフォームで実行されるプログラム等の記述構造が示す自律的・適応的な作動を統合的に説明することができない。本論文では、生命を物質的・物理的な実体として捉えるのではなく、システムが外部環境と関わる機能的プロセスである、「境界形成」「内部起点からの識別接続」「不可逆的状態変化」の3要件を、連続的に発揮するシステム作動状態として再定義する。加えて、作動の構成要素を「記述(Code)」と「実行基盤(Execution Substrate)」に分離し、両者が機能的に結合することで作動を立ち上げる「結合体(Coupled Entity)」の概念を提示する。その上で、結合体における空間確保の動態を、一体型における発生・分化を通じた恒常的な領域占有と、外部型における記述のアタッチ・導入に伴う制御ラインの実効支配(抵抗との動的均衡)として構造的に解明する。また、タバコモザイクウイルス(生物学)および言語・概念(情報)の分析を通じ、個体の発生・肉体構築から宿主の病態や認知変化に至るあらゆるシステム変化が、結合体が自らの作動状態を維持・固定する過程で生じる不可避的な「構造的帰結」であることを明らかにする。なお、本論文が生命動態を体系化するのに対し、前述の3要件が単発の作動イベント(1サイクル)において客観的に成立するための最小単位の公理系および作動プロセスについては、並列論文『主体性機能論』にて定式化を行っている。両論文は、ミクロな作動プロセスのモデル化(主体性機能論)とマクロな動的展開の体系(結合体生命論)として相補的な関係を有する。

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View paper (DOI)Open access versionOpenAlexZenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)Published 2026-08-25

Authors: Joyer