Minireview – Fruits Waste as Alternative Feed Ingredients in Aquaculture

Abstract

Abstract Agricultural byproducts of fruit waste, such as banana peels, mango peels, orange peels, pomegranate peels, and pineapple peels, are sources of nutrients and bioactive compounds that have the potential to be used as raw materials for functional feed in aquaculture. This mini-review article aims to summarize various studies on the nutritional content, bioactive compounds, and the effects of fruit waste utilization on the growth, immune system, stress resistance, and health of farmed fish. Various studies have shown that fruit waste contains protein, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenes, and carotenoids that act as natural antioxidants, antimicrobials, and immunostimulants. The use of fruit waste at appropriate doses has been shown to improve feed efficiency, growth performance, survival rates, and immune responses in fish, although its effectiveness is influenced by the type of waste, fish species, and the level of addition to the feed. The use of fruit waste as a feed raw material not only supports the development of sustainable aquaculture through the waste-to-wealth and circular economy concepts but also has the potential to reduce environmental pollution caused by the accumulation of agricultural waste. Keywords: fruits waste, bioactive compound, circular economy, feed supplementation