Knowledge, attitude, and practice of sustainable management of single-use plastic waste among laboratory users

Abstract

Single-use plastics (SUPs) are essential in laboratory settings for sterility and efficiency, yet their life cycle poses significant environmental and health risks. In Malaysia, sustainable practices for laboratory SUPs remain inadequately implemented. This study examines the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of laboratory users towards the sustainable waste management of SUPs and identifies key behavioural determinants and gaps. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among laboratory users from academic, industrial and healthcare institutions in Malaysia. The questionnaire assessed levels of KAP regarding sustainable SUP waste management in a laboratory setting. Statistical analyses, including Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman's rank correlation tests, were used to explore group differences and relationships among KAP variables and demographic factors. Participants had moderate knowledge and attitudes, but poor practice in managing SUP waste sustainably. Practice levels differed by occupation, where industrial professionals performed better than the students, researchers and healthcare personnel. The presence of sustainability protocols in laboratories significantly enhanced the implementation of sustainable SUP waste management practices. A significant positive correlation was found between knowledge and attitude toward sustainable SUP waste management. While laboratory users recognise the importance of sustainable SUP management, behavioural adoption remains limited. Establishing sustainability protocols, offering role-specific training, and ensuring equitable access to sustainability initiatives are essential to closing the knowledge-practice and attitude-practice gaps. This study offers actionable insights for advancing responsible scientific practice and aligning laboratory operations with the Sustainable Development Goals.