National University of Malaysia

Secure Boot and Firmware Update Framework for ARM Cortex-M Embedded IoT Devices

The paper presents a lightweight and well-impervious security framework suitable to ARM Cortex-M-based IOEs embedded devices, which will serve an important purpose of presenting secure boot and firmware update operations in resource-constrained systems. As IoT implementations and...

Artificial Intelligence as a Catalyst for Cell-Based Therapies in Retinal Disease

Retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and Stargardt disease, represent leading causes of irreversible vision loss worldwide, collectively affecting hundreds of millions of people. Cell-based therapies, particul...

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Neurological Outcome in Ischemic Stroke at 4.5 to 24 Hours: A Post Hoc Analysis of TRACE-III Trial

Whether neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), as a marker of increased inflammatory response, modifies the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase is uncertain in patients 4.5–24 h after stroke onset. We investigated this in the Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischemic Cere...

Residual-gated generative additive joint-bias identification and uncertainty-weighted fault compensation for quadruped robots with scarce data

Repeated actuator-fault injection on a physical quadruped is costly and can damage motors or gearboxes, which makes continuous fault-value identification difficult when only scarce sequences are available. This study targets command-equivalent additive joint bias. A temporal gene...

Analytical study on titan yellow sensing using a poly (phenylalanine)-modified carbon nanotube electrochemical sensor

Abstract In the current work, a poly (phenylalanine) modified carbon composite paste electrode (PPCNTPE) allowed for the simple electrochemical measurement of Titan yellow (TY) utilizing differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). PPCNTPE was synthesized usi...

Field-based vital-capacity changes following a 12-week athletic skills model-informed curriculum: a retrospective non-randomised comparison in one Chinese primary school

This retrospective non-randomised comparison examined routine school records from 1,214 students in Grades 2–6 (607 per condition) in one urban public primary school in Southwest China. Curriculum allocation occurred at the level of 28 pre-existing physical-education (PE) teachin...

From flood hazard to governable climate risk: An integrated framework for adaptive flood governance and the Flood Resilience and Sustainability Index (FRSI)

Climate change, urban expansion and ecosystem degradation are intensifying flood-risk management challenges worldwide. However, mitigation and recovery approaches remain fragmented across engineering, community adaptation, technology, governance and finance, limiting integrated a...

Free Mucosal Grafting Is a Simple Adjunct for Rapid Re‐Epithelization in Septal Perforation Repair

ABSTRACT Objective Mucosal grafting has become more established in rhinology. While it is accepted that free mucosal grafts take to bone and vascularized recipient beds, the use of mucosal grafting on the contralateral side during nasal septal perforation (NSP) repair with vascul...

Modeling employability mismatch of TVET graduates in Malaysia: a total interpretive structural modeling approach

This study investigates the factors contributing to employability mismatch among Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) graduates in Malaysia, focusing on horizontal mismatch between graduates’ fields of study and employment. Although graduate mismatch has been wi...

Operational Workflows and Decision Making Processes in Hospital Pharmacy Services During Drug Shortages: A Scoping Review

Background: Drug shortages significantly impact hospital pharmacy services, patient care, and operational efficiency. Although causes and prevalence are well documented, evidence on operational workflows and decision making processes in shortage management remains fragmented. Obj...

Comparative policy analysis of urban microplastic pollution and water quality management toward sustainable environmental governance in Malaysian cities

Rapid urbanization in Southeast Asia has intensified microplastic (MP) pollution in city water bodies, urban drainage systems, and coastal environments, posing significant threats to urban water quality and public health. This study employs a comparative policy analysis to evalua...

Vascular device practices in extremely preterm infants: an international cross-sectional survey

Abstract Objective To explore global practices in vascular device selection, securement, and monitoring for extremely preterm infants, and to assess regional variation. Study design A web-based cross-sectional survey was completed by one respondent per neonatal unit. Result We re...

Deep learning applications in parasite microscopy: A scoping review

Background Parasitic diseases remain a significant contributor to the global burden of disease and conventional microscopy remains the gold standard for parasite detection. However, it is labour-intensive and dependent on skilled personnel, leading to variability in diagnostic ac...

HierTAC-Net: a robust and explainable hierarchical attention network for multi-configuration gastrointestinal endoscopic image classification

Abstract Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, even though colonoscopy is an effective screening tool. Automated analysis of endoscopic images can help doctors find more lesions and make faster decisions, but current systems usually handle just one task,...

Response surface optimization of KIT-6 mesoporous silica synthesis using sapindus rarak bio-template for dye removal and waste cooking oil pyrolysis

Hybrid-templated KIT-6 mesoporous silica was synthesized using Pluronic P123 and Sapindus rarak extract as dual templates. The synthesis was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to evaluate the structural and textural properties. The effects of the P123/SRE ratio, n...

Perceived improvisational and reflection-oriented teaching among choreography undergraduates in Chinese comprehensive universities: indirect associations through perceived teacher support

Choreography students must generate movement, work with ambiguity, and revise unfinished material under observation, yet quantitative research rarely distinguishes the instructional practices that support generation from those that support reflection and revision. This study exam...

Cyber harassment engagement and its impact on academic performance impairment: a theory of planned behavior approach

Abstract Cybercrime is one of the most pressing global challenges in the digital era, encompassing offenses conducted through computer networks and online platforms. Among these, cyber harassment refers to the use of electronic communication, such as email, social media, and mess...

PART-GCN: anatomy-anchored and motion-enhanced adaptive graph topology learning for skeleton-based action recognition

Abstract Skeleton-based action recognition is important for intelligent systems that require reliable interpretations of human motion, including rehabilitation monitoring, elder-care assessment, and surveillance. Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) are the dominant approach becau...

BMP-7 Enhances the Angiogenic Potential of Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells Seeded in Decellularized Human Dental Pulp

Regeneration of a pulp–dentin complex requires coordinated angiogenesis. This study investigated the angiogenic potential of Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) in decellularized human dental pulp (DHDP) treated with bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7). Decellularize...

Audit-Informed Digital Pathways to Rural Ecological Revitalization: A Configurational Governance Framework Applied to 30 Provincial-Level Regions in China (2018–2022)

Rural regions worldwide face intensifying environmental pressures under the global sustainability transition, yet the digital conditions associated with high levels of rural ecological revitalization (RER) remain insufficiently understood. Existing studies largely examine digital...