Magnetic Field‐Modulated Ion Migration in Electrochemical Cells

Abstract

Ion migration within electrochemical cells fundamentally governs interfacial reaction kinetics, charge transport, and the formation of electric double layers, thereby critically determining the overall performance of electrochemical devices. However, conventional regulation strategies often suffer from limited controllability, high energy consumption, and undesirable side reactions. Magnetic fields have recently emerged as a green, noncontact external stimulus that can precisely manipulate ion migration through magnetohydrodynamic convection and magnetic gradient forces, at both microscopic (ion transport) and macroscopic (electrolyte flow) scales. This review briefly summarizes the core mechanisms of magnetic field‑modulated ion migration and three regulation strategies: external static magnetic field, external dynamic magnetic field, and in situ internal magnetic field constructed by magnetic materials. Recent advances and practical achievements of magnetic field modulated are reviewed across four key areas: electrochemical energy storage, electrochemical synthesis, electrocatalytic conversion, and precise ion separation. Finally, existing challenges and prospective development directions in this field are discussed. This review aims to consolidate the theoretical foundation of magnetic field-assisted electrochemical regulation and promote the theoretical improvement and large-scale practical application of this emerging regulation technology.