The Challenges of Providing Technical Evidence in Witchcraft Cases: A Forensic Perspective

Abstract

Adjudicating witchcraft-related cases presents a formidable challenge due to the difficulty of procuring technical evidence for claims rooted in supernatural beliefs. This study examines these complexities through the lenses of forensic science and Cultural Deviance Theory, using a quantitative descriptive survey of 204 justice-sector personnel in Kwara State, Nigeria. Findings reveal that witchcraft beliefs significantly influence crime reporting and court processes, while the absence of physical evidence and fear of community backlash hinder prosecution. Respondents strongly affirmed that forensic evidence can prevent wrongful punishment, though its use is severely limited by a lack of facilities. The study concludes that a disconnect exists between the empirical demands of the justice system and the socio-cultural realities of witchcraft beliefs. It recommends specialized training, investment in forensic infrastructure, and culturally informed protocols to ensure fair adjudication