Meta-regulator No1. Chrono: a system of circadian and ultradian synchronization of physiological processes

Abstract

The chrono-regulator is a distributed network of molecular oscillators that provide periodic changes in the metabolic activity of cells, synchronized with the external illumination cycle. It is based on transcription-translational loops involving the CLOCK, BMAL1, PER, and CRY genes expressed in all cells. The central oscillator is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. The components of the system, synchronization mechanisms, quantitative parameters of oscillations (period, amplitude, phase shifts) and their influence on twenty meta-media of the organism are described. Pathological conditions in desynchronization and methods of correction based on the restoration of phase ratios are considered.