Sustainable Interior Interventions for Energy-Efficient Housing: Assessing Residential Buildings in New Delhi NCR

Abstract

Sustainability in residential interiors has emerged as a crucial aspect of urban living, particularly in ecologically vulnerable regions like Delhi and the National Capital Region (NCR). This paper explores the application of eco-friendly materials, energy-efficient technologies, and smart design strategies to create sustainable and health-promoting interior environments in Indian homes. Focused on typical residential spaces such as drawing rooms, bedrooms, kitchens, lobbies, toilets, verandas, and terraces, the study examines material choices, lighting systems, HVAC solutions, and furnishing approaches that align with environmental conservation and occupant well-being. The research emphasizes the role of sustainable interiors in contributing to global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). Climate-responsive design for Delhi’s composite climate is analysed , highlighting the importance of passive cooling, thermal insulation, and locally available materials such as bamboo, lime plaster, reclaimed wood, and low-VOC finishes. Energy-efficient lighting systems, smart sensors. Additionally, the paper outlines guidelines and certifications such as IGBC, GRIHA, LEED, and BEE that support environmentally responsible design in India. Using natural materials especially local ones such as clay-based paints and organic textiles minimizes indoor air pollution and provide better air quality. By exploring these practices, Indian residential interiors can contribute significantly in achieving global sustainability objectives ensuring long-term by integrating resource-efficient materials, passive and smart technologies, and a holistic sustainability approach, the paper concludes that residential interiors in NCR can achieve a balance between functionality, aesthetics, and environmental responsibility.