A multiple correspondence analysis of the voluntary turnover in the Portuguese Armed Forces

Abstract

Purpose This study aims to identify the primary reasons for voluntary turnover in the Portuguese Armed Forces by developing distinct leaver profiles. Design/methodology/approach Using secondary data from 835 exit records, a mixed-method approach combining content analysis and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was used to identify turnover/retention profiles. Findings Five turnover and five retention profiles were identified. A key distinction emerged among enlisted personnel, who leave primarily due to work–life conflict, workload and compensation; non-commissioned officers, who leave due to underappreciation and organisational policies; and officers, who leave in pursuit of external job alternatives. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to use MCA to create turnover profiles in a military context, providing nuanced empirical evidence and actionable retention strategies for high-reliability organisations.