Woody species diversity, management and its importance in agroforestry practice in North-western Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract Agroforestry, integrating crops, trees, and livestock, is an important land-use practice, yet it remains poorly documented in Ethiopia’s Quara district. This study assessed the diversity, management, and importance of woody species in the highlands of Quara. Data were collected from a 5% random sample of households in two kebeles using structured questionnaires, alongside vegetation inventories in homegardens (30 × 30 m), coffee shade (20 × 25 m), grazing land (40 × 40 m), and parkland (50 × 50 m). Species abundance and diversity were analyzed using standard indices, and socio-economic data were summarized with descriptive statistics. A total of 31 woody species from 20 families were recorded, with diversity and evenness varying across systems. Homegardens exhibited the highest diversity (2.33 ± 0.094), reflecting effective management practices. Many species served as food, shade, and fodder, emphasizing their multifunctional roles. The study highlights the importance of indigenous management practices, such as pruning and thinning, while noting the need for technological support, policy enhancement, and further socio-economic research to promote sustainable agroforestry, resilience, and local livelihoods.