Medicine · Epidemiology
Among 735 American Indian and First Nation adolescents, those with strong family support and greater participation in land-based cultural activities generally had healthier alcohol, mental-health and physical-health trajectories. Risk-taking peers were associated with more alcohol use, more depression and anxiety symptoms, and poorer physical health.
Researchers combined results from 103 randomized trials involving 26,624 people with opioid use disorder to compare medication-based treatments. Heroin-assisted therapy and higher-dose methadone were associated with greater treatment retention, while buprenorphine and higher-dose methadone improved abstinence measures in some analyses. The review found limited evidence that any treatment reduced criminal activity, all-cause mortality, or overdose-related deaths.
Researchers examined opioid prescribing among postoperative patients at one private, multi-specialty practice before and after a two-hour provider meeting. Prescribing measures were lower during the year after the meeting, but the study design cannot show that the intervention alone caused the decline.
A study found that increases in online mentions of the Benadryl Challenge were followed by a significant rise in adolescent-related calls to US poison centers about diphenhydramine. Those calls remained elevated for more than 25 days after the first spike in online mentions.
This systematic review examined eight randomized trials involving 1,437 people living with cancer. Although some studies reported lower alcohol use in the intervention groups, the studies varied considerably and had important risk-of-bias concerns. The researchers concluded that there is insufficient evidence to establish that these programs reduce alcohol consumption.
