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Medicine · Epidemiology

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Abstract editorial illustration accompanying the article: Review compares medicines for opioid use disorder across 103 trials
Health & Medicine
High evidenceReview

Review compares medicines for opioid use disorder across 103 trials

Researchers combined results from 103 randomized trials involving 26,624 people with opioid use disorder to compare medication-based treatments. Heroin-assisted therapy and higher-dose methadone were associated with greater treatment retention, while buprenorphine and higher-dose methadone improved abstinence measures in some analyses. The review found limited evidence that any treatment reduced criminal activity, all-cause mortality, or overdose-related deaths.

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Abstract editorial illustration accompanying the article: New analysis finds fewer broad antibiotics after tooth-extraction guidelines in Japan
Health & Medicine
Moderate evidenceHuman study

New analysis finds fewer broad antibiotics after tooth-extraction guidelines in Japan

Researchers analyzed Japanese health-insurance claims for people aged 75 or younger who had tooth extractions between April 2012 and March 2024. After dental antibiotic guidelines were introduced or updated, use of third-generation cephalosporins fell overall, especially in some hospitals and later in dental clinics; surgical-site infection rates did not change in the analysis. Because this was an observational study, the findings show patterns associated with the guidelines rather than proving that the guidelines alone caused them.

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