Weizmann Institute of Science

Microbiome-host communication via vaccenic acid modulates LRH-1/NR5A2 activity and ameliorates metabolic liver disease

Abstract Interactions between microbiota and the host can profoundly affect human health. In particular, microbiota-derived metabolites influence liver physiology and contribute to the development of metabolic diseases, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying microbiome-host comm...

Electrochemical Reduction of Amine-Captured Carbon Dioxide Catalyzed by Transition-Metal Substituted Polyoxometalates

The low temperature electrocatalysis of CO2 to CO typically requires purified CO2, adding complexity, cost, and energy penalties due to the need for separate CO2 capture and purification processes. Electrochemical reactive capture (e-RCC) is emerging as a simplification of the pr...

Population genomics reveals multi-scale mechanisms sustaining schistosomiasis re-emergence in a near-elimination setting

Abstract In China, sustained snail control, environmental management, and mass drug administration with praziquantel reduced schistosomiasis to near-elimination levels, yet re-emergence in Sichuan Province during the early 2000s exposed vulnerabilities in late-stage control. We c...

Radon-induced backgrounds in the NEXT-100 experiment

A bstract The NEXT-100 detector at the LSC aims at the first competitive search for the 0 νββ decay using a high-pressure 136 Xe electroluminescent time projection chamber. The first low-background run of NEXT-100 at 3.95 bar has been devoted to the measurement of the radon-induc...

Building STEM teachers’ resilience and pedagogical responsiveness to crisis through creative writing professional development

In crisis-affected regions, STEM teachers must sustain academic progress while also supporting resilience, yet existing professional development (PD) rarely addresses both aims. This qualitative study examined a creative writing-based PD workshop with 21 Arab and Jewish STEM teac...

Chaotic scattering in ultracold atom-ion collisions

Abstract We report on signatures of classical chaos in ultracold collisions between a trapped ion and a free atom. Using numerical simulations, we show that the scattering dynamics can be highly sensitive to initial conditions for various mass ratios and trapping frequencies, ind...

Microbiome and Metabolomics in Obesity: Advances in Understanding and Interventions Across the Lifespan

ABSTRACT Obesity arises from intertwined and reciprocal diet‐microbiome‐host pathways that reshape energy balance, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation. This review synthesizes mechanistic links between microbial functions and metabolic control, charts lifestyle‐related lifecour...

FusionX: Automated, Standardized quantification of cell-to-cell fusion across diverse systems

Cell-to-cell fusion, the process by which cells merge their plasma membranes to form multinucleated syncytia, is fundamental to development, physiology, and disease. Quantifying fusion in vitro typically relies on calculating the percentage of nuclei within multinucleated cells o...

Morphology‐Driven Ternary Pattern Space Spans Shallow Marine Clouds

Abstract Marine shallow clouds exhibit a variety of patterns, which have been the subject of extensive research. In this study, we introduce a new approach for their continuous classification using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) true color imagery. This met...

Modular Metamaterials for Adaptable MRI Signal Control: Combining Dipole Array With a New Hexagon‐Based Artificial Dielectrics

ABSTRACT Emerging concepts of metamaterials for MRI offer improved image quality through enhanced RF field control. However, current designs are often limited by bulky configurations, dielectric losses, and limited adaptability. Patient‐specific optimization—essential for improvi...

An Epstein-Barr virus-encoded snoRNA directs 2′-O-methylation of human rRNAs to control translation and the viral lytic switch

Summary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) establishes life-long latency in human B-cells yet the molecular strategies that balance its persistence with lytic replication remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify the EBV-encoded small nucleolar RNA, v-snoRNA1, as a bona fide 2′-O-m...

Tightness of the maximum of Ginzburg–Landau fields

We consider the discrete Ginzburg–Landau field with potential satisfying a uniform convexity condition, in the critical dimension d=2, and prove that its maximum over boxes of sidelength N, centered by an explicit N-dependent centering, is tight.

The structure of the dopamine D 3 receptor bound to cariprazine reveals principles for partial agonists with designed pharmacology

The third-generation antipsychotic cariprazine is a low-efficacy partial agonist of the dopamine D 3 receptor (D 3 R). Here, we report the cryo–electron microscopy structure of cariprazine bound to D 3 R, establishing a framework for understanding ligand recognition in this recep...

Large-scale array of squeezed light and synchronization using atomic vapor

Abstract Quantum light sources such as squeezed light are essential for quantum information science and technologies, but the scalable production of multiple beams of them remains a challenge. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a novel approach to the generation of a large spati...

Dual dimensions of productivity in cross-community mathematics teacher dialogue

Abstract While scholars have been calling for cross-community teacher dialogue, it remains relatively rare, both in research and in practice, and its potential productivity is unclear. We propose a dual framework distinguishing between pedagogical productivity and boundary produc...

SINE Insertion in LAMA3 in Dogs With Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa

ABSTRACT Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is a hereditary skin disorder caused by defects in proteins responsible for dermal‐epidermal adhesion. We investigated the genetic cause of JEB in three related mixed‐breed puppies presenting with congenital skin blistering and ulce...

Disordered Gibbs measures and Gaussian conditioning

Abstract We study the law of a random field $$f_N(\varvec{\sigma })$$ f N ( σ ) evaluated at a random sample from the Gibbs measure associated to a Gaussian field $$H_N(\varvec{\sigma })$$ H N ( σ ) . In the high-temperature regime, we show that bounds on the probability that $$f...

High–spatiotemporal resolution deuterium metabolic imaging enables in vivo phenotyping of intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity

Intra- and intertumoral heterogeneities raise fundamental biological questions and have important implications for accurate cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. These heterogeneities reflect tumor complexity, including a pronounced diversity in metabolic phenotypes and pro...

Human Hsp70 paralogs display selective J-domain interactions tuning proteostasis under stress

Hsp70 chaperones are central regulators of proteostasis, mediating folding, refolding, degradation, and aggregation-prevention. Their activity is tuned by the diverse J-domain proteins (JDPs), which both recruit client proteins and stimulate Hsp70 ATP hydrolysis via interaction w...

Beta-lactam antibiotics have immunomodulatory effects in vitro, including changes consistent with sepsis-induced immunosuppression

Abstract Introduction Sepsis is associated with immunosuppression, predisposing patients to secondary infections. Many treatments routinely used for infections have immunomodulatory effects, including antibiotics. We therefore assessed the immunomodulatory effects of beta-lactam...