University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

Advanced airway management practice patterns and short-term survival in Poland’s national physician-staffed helicopter emergency medical service, 2020–2024: a retrospective observational study

Advanced prehospital airway management involves endotracheal intubation or supraglottic airway placement. Evidence on airway management and survival in combined ground EMS–HEMS care remains limited, particularly regarding technique sequence and outcomes across clinical groups. Th...

Adoption Narratives as Hero’s Journeys in Polish Children’s Literature

Abstract One of the recurring functions of children’s literature is to help young readers anticipate and interpret challenges that may arise in both ordinary and unexpected life situations. Within this framework, the present study examines literary texts intended for readers aged...

Task-oriented and relational perceptions of ChatGPT among generation Z students: Implications for higher education and preparation for AI-enabled work

Generative AI is becoming embedded in higher education and knowledge work, yet students may assign different forms of usefulness to conversational AI. This study examines how Generation Z students perceive the current and potential usefulness of ChatGPT across seven functional ro...

Serial Static Infrared Thermography for Intraoperative and Postoperative Surface-Temperature Monitoring of Free-Flap Skin Islands in Paediatric Craniofacial Reconstruction: A Technical Feasibility Study

Background/Objectives: This single-patient retrospective study evaluated the technical feasibility of serial infrared thermography (IRT) for intraoperative and postoperative surface-temperature documentation of free-flap skin islands and its descriptive concordance with clinical...

Multi-Field Comparison of Homogeneous Cavitation Models in a Small Converging–Diverging Nozzle: A Controlled CFD Case Study

Homogeneous cavitation models are widely used in engineering CFD analyses of internal flows, but their predictions may differ depending on model formulation, operating regime, and geometry. This issue is especially relevant in small converging–diverging nozzles, where strong loca...

Institutional availability, training resources, and supervised participation in robot-assisted surgery among Polish urology residents: a nationwide survey

Robot-assisted surgery (RAS) has expanded rapidly in Poland, but its integration into resident education remains uncertain. In a nationwide anonymous 35-question survey sent to 390 Polish urology residents, 156 completed it (40.0%). Among respondents, 110 (70.5%) reported RAS ava...

Occurrence of benzophenones and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in raw sheep wool from predominantly rural regions without major industrial centers

Abstract Background Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and benzophenones (BPs) are widely utilized industrial chemicals recognized as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). While their environmental ubiquity and adverse effects on biota are well-documented, the extent of...

Moisture-Dependent Compressive Behavior of Wheat Kernels: Implications for Energy-Efficient and Resource-Conscious Grain Processing

Improving grain size-reduction efficiency requires settings adapted to raw-material properties. This study examined how moisture, crosshead speed, imposed displacement, cultivar, and wheat quality group affect individual-kernel compression. Four cultivars representing bread and ‘...

Relationships between betalains, phenolic compounds and bioactivity in selected plant matrices

Abstract Betalain-rich fruits and vegetables are recognised as important sources of bioactive compounds; however, the relative contributions of betalains and co-occurring polyphenols to antiglycation and enzyme inhibitory activities remain insufficiently understood. This study co...

Low-Dose Glyphosate Exposure Alters the Enteric Tachykinin System in the Porcine Small Intestine

Glyphosate is a widely used herbicide, yet its effects on the enteric nervous system (ENS) remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of low-dose glyphosate exposure on substance P (SP)-immunoreactive neurons and tachykinin receptor gene expression in the porci...

Concentration levels of benzophenones in raw sheep’s wool

Benzophenones (BPs) are widely utilized across various industrial sectors, leading to environmental contamination and bioaccumulation in living organisms, where they act as endocrine disruptors. Despite their ubiquity, data regarding BP exposure in livestock remain remarkably sca...

The Mechanism of Tree Die-Off Caused by Armillariosis and Bark Beetles in Boreal Forests

Abstract Armillariosis is a root disease that causes tree mortality and is caused by certain fungi of the genus Armillaria (basidiomycetes). As this pathogen remains hidden in the soil and within the roots, only the symptoms of the disease are visible – reddish-brown crowns and d...

Effect of Pre-Freezing Storage Under Modified Atmospheres on the Quality of Beef from Holstein-Friesian × Belgian Blue Crossbred Bulls

The study aimed to determine the effects of pre-freezing storage duration and packaging conditions on the quality of the longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle from Holstein-Friesian × Belgian Blue crossbred bulls. The samples were stored for seven or 14 days under vacuum and MA (40% C...

A distributional approach to assessing conditional yield risk in pure-line and hybrid winter barley

Increasing climate variability elevates the probability of extreme low yields, highlighting the need for analytical approaches that characterize distributional risk beyond mean‑based metrics. We introduce a distribution‑focused framework using empirical cumulative distribution fu...

Biostimulant Modulation of Soil Mycobiome Structure and Diversity and Amaranthus cruentus Growth Under Perfluorotetradecanoic Acid Stress

Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PA) is a long-chain perfluorocarboxylic acid belonging to the group of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), whose exceptional chemical stability promotes their persistence and accumulation in the environment. Despite the growing interest in PF...

New perspectives on congenital adrenal hyperplasia: current concepts in pathophysiology, fertility and therapeutic advances

Abstract Background CAH (Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia) is a group of hereditary disorders of steroidogenesis, most commonly caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency. The disease leads to abnormal cortisol and/or aldosterone synthesis, as well as excessive androgen production. The cl...

Avian metapneumovirus infections in poultry flocks in Poland – molecular evidence for emerging divergence from vaccine strains

Despite available vaccination strategies, respiratory disease caused by avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) has increased in Polish poultry in recent years. Between 2022 and 2025, 48 aMPV outbreaks were confirmed in chicken and turkey flocks, with positive vaccination status reported fo...

Results of the validated German Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) from a large German cohort of healthy adults and different disease groups compared to historical reference values

Abstract Background Reference values of the validated German Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) were published in 2005 for healthy adults and individuals with different clinical conditions. We compared historical values with PSQ from the large German cohort participating in “Ri...

Ex Vivo Immune Response of Casein-Sensitized Lymphocytes to Bovine Milk Protein Composite Genotypes: Beyond the β-Casein A1/A2 Paradigm

Background: Although the impact of β-casein A1/A2 variants on human health is well-documented, the immunogenic potential of complex milk protein variants, including κ-casein (variants A, B, and E) and β-lactoglobulin (variants A and B) polymorphisms, remains poorly understood. Th...

Sea Buckthorn in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health: Evidence for the Role of the Leaves

Most research on sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) has focused on the berries and oils. This structured narrative review examines the chemical profile of the leaves and evaluates cardiovascular and metabolic evidence from leaf preparations, isolated constituents, and other...