University of Siena

Early Introduction and Prolonged Full‐Dose Anakinra Reduce Recurrence Risk After Discontinuation in Recurrent Pericarditis: An International Multicenter Cohort

Background Anakinra is effective in recurrent pericarditis, yet optimal treatment duration and strategies for safe drug discontinuation remain uncertain. Identifying predictors of sustained remission after discontinuation is important for clinical management. Methods We retrospec...

Cosmological Constraints from Full-scale Clustering and Galaxy–Galaxy Lensing with DESI DR1

Abstract We present constraints on cosmic structure growth from the analysis of galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing with galaxies from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1. Our analysis includes four samples drawn from the Bright Galaxy Survey (B...

Training the Next Generation of Future Surgical Residents: A Scoping Review and Proposal for an Undergraduate Curriculum From the Italian Polispecialistic Society of Young Surgeons

AIM: The transition from medical school to surgical residency is marked by a persistent gap between theoretical instruction and clinical readiness. In Italy, variability in training programs across centers creates persistent gaps in residents’ medical education. Scientific societ...

A Physical Therapy Clinical Framework for Temporomandibular Disorders: Integrating DC/TMD, ICOP and Multidimensional Patient Phenotyping

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are clinically heterogeneous, and patients sharing the same diagnosis may differ substantially in pain mechanisms, functional impairments, behavioral contributors, comorbidities, psychosocial burden, prognosis, and treatment response. Although t...

Microplastics and the Kidney: A Narrative Review of Human Evidence, Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Injury, and Future Directions

Microplastics (MPs) are widespread environmental contaminants, but their potential effects on kidney health remain poorly defined. As an organ continuously exposed to circulating particles and involved in their urinary elimination, the kidney may represent both a target of MP tox...

Addressing non-communicable diseases and injuries through an equity lens: insights from the Cameroon non-communicable disease and injury (NCDI) Poverty Commission

Background: Non-communicable diseases and injuries (NCDIs) constitute a leading cause of premature mortality globally, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). To curb the rising burden of NCDIs in Cameroon, the Ministry of Public Health established...

Risk‐Stratified Cardiac Monitoring During Antipsychotic Treatment in Adolescents and Young Adults

ABSTRACT Introduction Antipsychotic‐associated heart rate‐corrected QT (QTc) prolongation and sudden cardiac death are uncommon in young people, but risk is concentrated in patients with identifiable clinical vulnerability and during selected drug‐ or exposure‐related situations....

Everything you always wanted to know about sleep, but you were afraid to ask: expert concise guide and recommendations on assessing sleep-wake disturbances within a psychiatric context in contemporary times

OBJECTIVE: While disrupted sleep has long been linked to mental disorders there has been a notable decrease in interest and sleep-wake disorders have received low priority in psychiatric care. The aim of the paper was to present a concise guide for evaluating common sleep-wake di...

Development and Characterization of Pseudotype-based Microneutralization Assay to Assess Functionality of Anti-rabies Protein G Antibodies

Background Rabies virus (RABV) is a neurotropic zoonotic pathogen responsible for an estimated 60,000 human deaths annually. Despite widespread vaccination programs, rabies remains a substantial public health burden, particularly in regions with limited access to post-exposure pr...

Cyclin/CDK inhibition in cancer therapy: from small molecules and macrocycles to advanced drug delivery systems

Cyclin-CDK complexes have attracted growing interest as therapeutic targets due to their crucial role in cell cycle regulation and their application in cancer treatment. Moreover, although CDKs were considered downstream effectors of the DNA damage response (DDR), several evidenc...

New Material Clues on Execution Processes and Appearance of Ancient Large Bronzes Unveiled by Imaging, Microstructural, and Laser Spectroscopy Characterization of the Arringatore of Pila

The present work reports the results of a multianalytical study on a renowned Etruscan large bronze masterpiece from Florence’s National Museum of Archaeology known as the Arringatore of Pila. Thorough microstratigraphic characterization, metallotechnical examination, and measure...

Promoting sustainability teaching and learning in HEI through the ecological footprint concept

Purpose Higher education institutions (HEIs) play a key role in democratising quality education for sustainability, for all. This study aims to present the outcomes of implementing the EUSTEPs Sustainability Module, which acquaints HEI students with sustainability concepts in an...

Fracture Risk Stratification by REMS: A 5 Years Prospective Longitudinal Multicentre Study

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture. Current predictive tools, mainly based on DXA-BMD, do not full capture all the factors contributing to bone deterioration. By combining information on bone quantity (T-...

MRI Characteristics of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease

Importance Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a demyelinating disease distinct from multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4+NMOSD). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is central t...

Inverse design of metamaterials for wideband multi-beam former

Abstract The demand for compact beam-steering solutions has driven interest in gradient-index (GRIN) lenses, which shape wavefronts via spatially varying dielectric properties. Additive manufacturing enables their fabrication, but a central challenge remains: solving the inverse...

Community assembly on inland cliffs is context‐dependent

Abstract Under harsh environmental conditions, community assembly processes are expected to drive pronounced functional convergence, with communities dominated by stress‐tolerant species. Integrating local communities with their regional species pools enables evaluating environme...

Sport, exercise, and physical activity in children with cardiovascular disease. A Clinical Consensus Statement of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) of the ESC, the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing & Allied Professions (ACNAP) of the ESC, and the Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC)

Regular physical activity offers numerous benefits to children's health and well-being and is essential for reducing cardiovascular risk in children with cardiovascular disease. Despite increasing evidence supporting its benefits, many young patients remain insufficiently active...

Batch Scheduling on Parallel Machines With Submodular Costs

ABSTRACT This paper is motivated by the characteristics in the quenching and tempering process of steel workpieces, where the batch processing time is increasing and exhibits diminishing marginal returns. We model the batch processing time using submodular functions and study bat...

The Behavior of the External Limiting Membrane and Ellipsoid Zone in Diabetic Macular Edema: A Population AI-Assisted Optical Coherence Tomography Study

Purpose: To investigate the behavior of the external limiting membrane (ELM) and ellipsoid zone (EZ) in diabetic macular edema (DME) using artificial intelligence (AI)-based optical coherence tomography (OCT) quantification. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. OCT scans of...

Faunal Evidence and the Duration of Occupation: A Statistical Approach to Neanderthal Archaeological Sites

Abstract The duration of Neanderthal occupations of caves and rock shelters is one of the most debated issues in prehistoric archaeology. Several disciplines, including lithic analysis, micromorphology, zooarchaeology, taphonomy, and spatial archaeology, have proposed criteria to...