University of San Francisco

Baseline radiographic and microbiologic predictors of treatment outcomes in a shortened all-oral regimen for MDR/RR-TB

Abstract WHO-endorsed shortened, all-oral regimens have improved tolerability and outcomes for MDR/RR-TB treatment, but predictors of poor outcomes remain incompletely-characterized. We conducted a prospective cohort study (NCT05871489) of adults with bacteriologically-confirmed...

Cullin-5 RING E3 ligase limits CD8⁺ T-cell persistence and effector responses during chronic antigen stimulation

Abstract T-cell exhaustion limits durable antitumor responses and remains a barrier to adoptive cell therapies (ACT) in solid tumors. To identify regulators of T-cell persistence, we performed genome-wide CRISPR knockout screens in primary human CD8⁺ T cells expressing an NY-ESO-...

Disruption of the CRL5 ubiquitin ligase complex enhances engineered T-cell persistence under chronic tumor antigen exposure

Abstract Engineered T-cell therapies are limited by progressive dysfunction under chronic tumor antigen exposure, and genetic perturbation of negative regulators has emerged as a promising strategy to sustain effector activity. We reanalyzed a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen i...

Designing for access: implementation determinants of harm reduction vending machines in veterans supportive housing

Abstract Background Harm reduction vending machines (HRVMs) are an emerging strategy to provide convenient, low-threshold access to harm reduction and other health-related supplies, yet evidence and practical guidance on implementation, particularly in supportive housing and for...

Functional seizures: care experiences of U.S. Veterans and their care partners

Functional seizures (FS) present substantial diagnostic and treatment challenges, particularly for Veterans with multiple medical and psychiatric comorbidities including post traumatic stress disorder, mood disorders and traumatic brain injury. To more effectively care for Vetera...

Association between body fat and lean mass and mortality in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the association between fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), and mortality in older adults (OA). A systematic electronic search was conducted in four databases, followed by an independent duplicate study selection process. The N...

Infections in MonumenTAL-1: a plain language summary of talquetamab treatment for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma

Plain Language SummaryWhat is this summary about?This summary describes infection and immune cell data of participants receiving talquetamab for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in the MonumenTAL-1 study.What were the results?Almost 60% of participants receiving talque...

Guiding Risk Reduction for Breast Cancer-Relevant Chemicals (BC-Chems): Chemical Production Volumes, Sources, Intake Levels, Emissions, and Regulations

Abstract Breast cancer (BC) among women in all age groups continues to increase. Changes in reproductive risk factors cannot explain these trends, and rising rates among women under 40 cannot be explained by cancer screening, suggesting other factors are involved. We recently ide...

Toward Tumor-Conditional Release of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors from Nongenotoxic Drug Conjugates

Abstract Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) metalloenzymes with hydroxamic acid-based inhibitors is compromised by generally poor metalloenzyme selectivity and the potential for genotoxicity arising from isocyanate metabolites. Here, we applied our previously described plat...

Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE) Registry Participation Associated with Significant Gains in Quality Measure Performance: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between participation in a qualified clinical data registry and quality measure performance. METHODS: We included practices that joined the American College of Rheumatology's Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE) registry b...

Establishment, Implementation, and Sustainability of Digital Dentistry in Dental Schools

ABSTRACT Digital dentistry technology and its workflows offer important benefits, including advancements in patient care and diagnostic capabilities. Dental schools have been adopting and integrating these advanced technologies into their educational and patient care practices. T...

The Ischemia–Plaque Paradox: A Mechanistic Framework for Chronic Coronary Syndromes

Percutaneous coronary intervention relieves angina in chronic coronary syndromes, yet contemporary randomized trials have not shown that relieving ischemia reduces death or myocardial infarction when added to optimal medical therapy. This discordance requires a mechanistic reeval...

Fifty Years After Estelle v. Gamble — Where Does Carceral Health Law Go from Here?

Abstract Fifty years ago, the US Supreme Court decided Estelle v. Gamble — a landmark case commonly known for establishing a duty on the government to provide health services to incarcerated people, whether before or after conviction. In this column, we offer a brief critical rea...

Development and Validation of a Novel Algorithm for Classifying Diabetes Type in Adolescents and Young Adults Using Electronic Health Record Data

OBJECTIVE Accurate classification of diabetes type in early-onset populations is essential for epidemiologic and health services research but remains challenging when using electronic health record (EHR) data alone. Our objective was to develop and validate a diabetes typing algo...

Self-reported cannabis use following cash transfer: Estimating the short-term impacts of the Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend

Aims Researchers have hypothesized that cash transfers affect substance use through two competing pathways: relieving financial strain which could reduce use, or expanding spendable income, which could increase use. We tested whether payments from the Permanent Fund Dividend (PFD...

Photoactivated Cross-Linking Mass Spectrometry for Probing Multidomain Protein Dynamics in Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

Abstract Cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) with photoactivatable reagents has been increasingly applied to probe protein conformational dynamics; however, its sensitivity to shifts in conformational equilibrium involving transient, sparsely populated docked states within mu...

Single‐cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood defines two immunological subtypes of Sjögren's disease distinguished by anti‐SSA antibodies and aberrant B cell populations

OBJECTIVES: Sjögren's disease (SjD) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disorder characterized by substantial clinical and molecular diversity. This heterogeneity raises key questions regarding the existence of distinct pathogenic mechanisms underlying disease subtypes. The objective o...

Navigating mental health care: latine perceptions, barriers, and pathways to engagement

Background: Latine individuals in the U.S. experience similar or higher rates of depression compared to non-Hispanic Whites but remain less likely to receive timely or effective mental health care. While structural and cultural barriers have been well-documented, limited research...

Regulators of interferon-responsive microglia uncovered by Genome-wide CRISPRi screening

Abstract Microglia dynamically support brain homeostasis through the induction of specialized activation programs or states. One such program is the Interferon-Responsive Microglia state (IRM), which has been identified in developmental windows, aging, and disease. While the func...

Workload and Perceived Burden From a National Survey of Surgeons

Importance Surgeon workload is substantial, but data characterizing perceived burden are scarce, limiting workforce planning, surgeon well-being, and patient safety. Objective To characterize surgeon workload and factors associated with perceived burden. Design, Setting, and Part...