University of Minnesota System

Local order average-atom interatomic potentials

This article describes an extension to the effective average-atom method for random alloys to account for local ordering (short-range order) effects by utilizing information from partial radial distribution functions. The new Local Order Average-Atom (LOAA) method is rigorously d...

StrucNS reveals interaction-weighted network topology as the driving predictor of absolute stability of natural and de novo proteins

MOTIVATION: Folded protein function requires stability, yet mapping structure and sequence to a fitness landscape remains difficult. The protein fold is the physical realization of complex, spatially-sensitive physicochemical interactions; quantitatively elucidating how these sub...

Exploring the Mutual Effects of Excipients and Proteins in Complex Coacervation

Abstract Complex coacervation is a type of associative liquid−liquid phase separation driven by the electrostatic complexation of oppositely-charged macromolecules. Coacervate materials have shown significant potential for the formulation of proteins and viruses with improved the...

SN 2024iss: A Multiwavelength Exposé of a Type IIb Supernova with an Early-time Ultraviolet Spectrum and Shock-breakout Constraints

Abstract We present multiwavelength observations and analysis of SN 2024iss, a Type IIb supernova (SN IIb) located at ∼14 Mpc. The first Zwicky Transient Facility detection of SN 2024iss is ∼40 minutes after first light (one of the earliest detections of a SN IIb to date) and a H...

Targeting pancreatic cancer with adenoviral vectors equipped with transgenes

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers, and current therapeutics provide limited benefits to patients. Desmoplasia and the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) play a huge role in PDAC being elusive to current therapeutics. Here...

LLMs in Wikipedia: Investigating How LLMs Impact Participation in Knowledge Communities

Large language models (LLMs) are reshaping knowledge production as community members increasingly incorporate them into their contribution workflows. At the same time, participating in knowledge communities involves more than just contributing content - it is also a deeply social...

Crystal structure and basic properties of dirhenate quantum materials

The anhydrous divalent 3d-metal dirhenate quantum materials, M(ReO$_4$)$_2$,were synthesized using solid-state methods for M = Mn through Zn. Previously unreported Mg(ReO4)2 is also described. Their layered crystal structures, which feature an in-plane triangular lattice of M$^{2...

“Shelter in place”: Early COVID-19 TV news reporting at the intersection of housing and health policy

How do local media report on housing and health during major crises? The current study examines how housing and policy issues were discussed in the local television (TV) media during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, when policy measures were first introduced and communi...

Gender-Role Traditionalism and Opposition to Trade in the United States

ABSTRACT A recently popular line in American trade politics is that free trade threatens male blue-collar manufacturing employment, thereby undermining “traditional” family gender roles in which men work outside of the home and women work as caregivers within it. This study asks...

Ventricular Fibrillation Mapping in a Large-Animal Model Using Dual Mechanical Circulatory Support: Electroanatomic Substrate Preservation Without Ischemic Changes

BACKGROUND: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) remains a leading cause of sudden cardiac death with an incompletely characterized electrophysiological substrate. Traditional large-animal VF models are limited by hemodynamic collapse and myocardial ischemia. This study establishes a re...

New informative molecular markers for Alternaria sections Infectoriae and Pseudoalternaria reveal the diversity of lineages infecting wheat and tomato

Fungi in Alternaria sections Infectoriae and Pseudoalternaria are commonly associated with commercially important crops, yet their biosystematics remains difficult to resolve because standard molecular markers often lack sufficient phylogenetic resolution. In this study, we used...

Bridge jobs and retirement identities: Gendered life course approach to workforce exits among Early Boomers

Abstract Objectives The prevalence of bridge jobs, post-career work that bridges between career jobs and workforce exit, has obfuscated the isomorphic link between older adults’ role identities as retirees, named ‘retirement identities’, and their actual labor force status in way...

Open-source implementation of the anti-Hermitian contracted Schrödinger equation for electronic ground and excited states

Efficient simulation of strongly correlated electrons has become a routine tool in molecular electronic structure theory due to recent advances in approximate configuration interaction (CI) techniques. Nonetheless, the quantitative and predictive description of molecular electron...

Evaluation of a Zika virus-like particle-based vaccine in a highly penetrant non-human primate model of congenital infection

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne Orthoflavivirus that caused a major outbreak in Central and South America in 2015–16. During that outbreak, ZIKV infection during pregnancy was associated with high rates of adverse outcomes, including miscarriage and a spectrum of neurolog...

Paper CCXXI: Brane Fountain / Casimir Paper CCXXI — The Brane Fountain and Quantum Mechanics: Heisenberg Uncertainty, Virtual Particles, and Casimir Effect — v2: with a temporal-entanglement bridge

All quantum uncertainty phenomena arise from the brane fountain: continuous renewal of focal-zone standing waves by the brane current. The Heisenberg principle ΔxΔp ≥ ℏ/2 follows from the Planck grain ℓP and renewal rate c/ℓP. The Casimir force is enhanced by (1 + f_bulk) = 1.036...

An alternative to Youden's index of diagnostic accuracy

Although Youden's index J has been a widely used summary measure of medical diagnostic accuracy, it suffers from a paradoxical property: the value of J can be very small even if the observed proportional accuracy (proportion of correct test results) is near perfect. The J paradox...

A History of the World in Twelve Shipwrecks

In the last 20 years or so, a genre of popular history writing has developed that explores the history of the world, or the history of certain places, through specific objects. Some notable example...

Reproducibility, Replicability, and Research Quality in Homogeneous Catalysis

Abstract Researchers from all sectors of homogeneous catalysis convened in response to concerns regarding reproducibility in science to analyze the issue and provide recommendations. In addition to an in-person workshop, the group engaged the broader homogeneous catalysis communi...

From Policy to Personal Wellness: Identifying Health Journalism Beats by Specialty Topic and Journalist Characteristics

Health journalists provide essential, verified information on a range of topics including wellness, medical research, health policy, and health business. We conducted a national online survey of US health journalists (N = 629) to investigate how occupational practices and percept...

The Forcing Factors That Predict Obesity: A Cross‐Sectional Multilevel Machine Learning Model of US County‐Level Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: Variables predicting obesity are not limited to individual-level risk factors. The purpose of this study is to assess multilevel predictors of obesity prevalence. METHODS: US county-level datasets incorporating 34 variables were analyzed cross-sectionally using explain...