University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa

Limits on marine carbon dioxide removal potential set by coastal air-sea gas exchange rates

<title>Abstract</title> Marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) has attracted significant interest as a strategy to mitigate rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil fuel burning in order to combat climate change, where a key variable is the gas transfer velocity (k), con...

Detection of the elusive cyclo−1,2-dihydrotetrazete (N4H2) in the gas phase

Nitrogen hydrides (NnHm) have attracted significant interest for their potential in developing high-energy-density materials. The synthesis of cyclic nitrogen hydrides is particularly challenging due to their inherently high strain energies. Here we report the preparation of the...

A Panel of Circulating Exosomal sncRNAs Associated With Lung Cancer Risk up to 10 Years in Advance

Current lung cancer screening fails to identify many individuals at risk beyond heavy smokers, highlighting the need for additional predictive biomarkers. This study profiles circulating exosomal small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) in a prospective cohort of 202 smokers, including 68...

Cascaded Multistage Impinging-Jet Solid Fuel Configuration: Experiments and Simulations

This work presents a combined experimental and computational investigation of the Cascaded Multi-Stage Impinging Jet (CAMUI) solid-fuel configuration for hybrid propulsion. CAMUI departs from conventional solid-fuel architectures by arranging orthogonal fuel blocks that force seq...

Genomic catalogue of giant viruses reveals expanded diversity and functional potential

Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA and Mirusviricota viruses exhibit taxonomic richness which continually expands due to metagenomic sequencing. Here we curate a database of giant virus metagenome-assembled genomes (GVMAGs V2), comprising 8,508 species-level representatives from 18,727...

The evolution of plasticity in drought-related traits in central and edge populations of Mimulus cardinalis

Phenotypic plasticity can influence population persistence, range dynamics, and evolutionary potential in heterogeneous landscapes. If adaptive, plasticity may buffer populations against environmental variability, climate change, and extreme events. Yet, few studies have examined...

Evidence for the acquisition of a proteorhodopsin-like rhodopsin by a chrysophyte-infecting giant virus

ABSTRACT Chrysophytes are nanoflagellate protists widespread in aquatic ecosystems with diverse trophic roles as primary producers and bacterivores. Molecular evidence suggests that chrysophytes are commonly infected by giant viruses, but isolates of such virus-host systems have...

Gender-affirming psychiatry: a minority stress and phenomenological framework for child and adolescent mental health

This perspective article introduces Gender Affirming Psychiatry (GAP), a conceptual framework that integrates queer phenomenology, the gender minority stress model, and gender-affirming care to guide psychiatric assessment, formulation, and treatment of transgender and gender div...

A trace pairing and Elliott invariant for groupoid homology

Abstract For an étale groupoid, we define a pairing between the Crainic–Moerdijk groupoid homology and the simplex of invariant Borel probability measures on the base space. The main novelty here is that the groupoid need not have totally disconnected base space, and thus the pai...

Forecasting Visitor Activity in a Historic Urban District: A Machine-Learning Framework for Destination Management

Historic urban districts face growing challenges in balancing visitor activity with the needs of residents, local businesses, accessibility, and mobility. This study investigates whether short-term visitor forecasts can support destination management and planning in these complex...

Origin and impacts of ploidy variation in the coral Pocillopora acuta in Hawai‘i

Differences in ploidy impact fitness, shaping adaptation and evolutionary trajectories. Although polyploidy has been documented in corals, the mechanisms that give rise to polyploidy and the phenotypic consequences of this variation are unknown. We established a model population...

Successful Lysogen Formation for Cluster AS2 Phage, Kuleana

&lt;p&gt;We present experimental data for lysogen formation by phage Kuleana, a subcluster AS2 phage isolated using &lt;em&gt;Arthrobacter globiformis B-2979.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;The efficiency of lysogeny was 0.5 %.&lt;/p&gt;

L2K-ARG

Abstract The present study introduces an open-access corpus of Korean second language argumentative writing (L2K-ARG) produced by university-level learners with different first-language backgrounds. The corpus contains 484 essays written in response to three standardized prompts...